Data evaluation methods

For evident reasons, this topic overlaps with the much broader field of application-specific data evaluation methods which we will occasionally mention but whose comprehensive exposition exceeds the scope of this chapter. 

There are some specific data-evaluation methods according to the nature of the sample. For instance, in the case of sediment samples, it can be assumed that every particle is adsorbed. 

The increasing degree of automation in the laboratory leads to more and more measurements that are available online in the computer and have to be further processed by chemometric data evaluation methods. 

Integral and Differential Reactor Data Evaluation Methods... 

Since kinetic data from a series of DCSTR experiments not only serve as the basis for process development in the DCSTR but also serve to a first approximation for the design of continuous reactors, integral and differential data evaluation methods for the case of a DCSTR will be considered in more detail. 

Figure 4.21. Determination of the parameters of a type 2 kinetic model (Fig. 4.12) using integral data evaluation methods. In (b), the Walker diagram shows a corre> sponding integral evaluation method for various kinetic equations. (Adapted from Wilderer, 1976.)...

In general, it is apparent that one can use integral data evaluation methods only with the simplest types of kinetic equations. When additional kinetic... 

For this reason, in complex cases the differential data evaluation method is used. The differential analysis of DCSTR is of the greatest significance The DCSTR is the type most often used in practical situations. Also, for developing processes for unconventional bioreactors (for example, bubble columns, towers, and tubular reactors), it is significant that these all have integral reactor behavior. 

With real biotechnical processes, almost without exception one uses differential data evaluation methods (see Chap. 5). 

The results of the error analysis indicate that the error of the corrosion-rate determination can be considerable, even for small values of /corrA/j if Ih ratio is high. That is, the often used assumption that the mass-transport effect is negligible when the corrosion current density is a small fraction of the limiting current density (//// 1) is not justifiable for the general case. However, at low b jb ratios the conventional data evaluation methods can be used with acceptable errors for any value of i corr A/ At bjb = 0.25, the error for the corrosion current density is less than about 5 %, and at balb = Q.5, the maximum error is 25%. As discussed in Section IV.l(ii), the b jb ratio of many corrosion reactions is small therefore, this classical electrochemical technique may be applicable, without correction for the mass-transport effect, for many practical systems even when the system is near or under cathodic mass-transport control. 

Chapter2 briefly reviews the SAXS theories. The experimental works are explained in Chap. 3. Chapter4 is dedicated to the description of data evaluation methods. The results and discussions are covered in three separate Chaps. 5- 7 according to the studied materials. Finally, Chap. 8 summarizes the results and gives suggestions for future works. 

Clatter, O., Sieberer, J., Schnablegger, H., A Comparative Study on Different Scattering Techniques and Data Evaluation Methods for Sizing of Colloidal Systems Using Light Scattering, Part. Part. Syst Charact, 1991, 8, 274-281. 

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