Damage indices

Rahman P, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, HaUett D, Tam LS. Early damage as measured by the SLICC/ACR damage index is a predictor of mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2001 10 93-6. 

Hydrocarbons, jet-fuel derivatives Human (34 male airport workers, 11 unexposed controls) Benzene, 0.10 + 0.05 mg/m3 toluene, 0.13 + 0.01 mg/m3 xylenes, 0.13 0.02 mg/m3, measured at Barcelona 9.77 yr (mean) No increases in SCE, MN, or ras p21 protein levels were observed in exposed workers significant difference in mean comet length and in genetic-damage index observed between exposed and unexposed workers Pitarque et al. 1999... 

For each actuator, compute damage index (Dl) by averaging cads for all TFs using the actuator... 

Sharma VK, Hanagud S, Ruzzene M. Damage index estimation in beams and plates using laser vibrometry. AIAA J 2006 44(4) 919—23. http //dx.doi.Org/10.2514/l.19012. 

Table 1. Blast damage index and damage type (after Yu and Vongpaisal, 1996)...

BDI = Blast Damage Index V = Vector sum of peak partiele velocity (m/s) = Density of rock (g/cc)... 

Based on the blast damage index the rock may be categorized as given in Table 1. 

Fig. 15.6 Damage Index (DI) demand-to-limit capacity per EC8-3 for significant damage limit state at vertical member ends in 7-storey building top) as-built, fixed footings (middle) with added walls, fixed footings (bottom) with added walls, uplifting footings (left) DI of flexural deformations (right) DI in shear. Line thickness at member end proportional to DI red DI > 0.75, orange 0.75 > DI > 0.5, yellow 0.5 > DI > 0.25, green 0.25 > DI...

Cheraghi N, Taheri F (2007) A damage index for structural health monitoring based on the empirical mode decomposition . Journal of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, 2(1), 43-62. 

In this case, the proposed damage index along with the geometric and constitutive formulation used for beams is able to reproduce the general failure mechanism of the structure where dissipation is mainly concentrated in the beam elements. 

Figure 4 Damage, (a) Experimental Map of fissures, (b) Numerical Cross sectional damage index.

Replacement cost x floor area x mean damage index Unit contents cost x floor area x mean damage index Rental rate x gross leasable area x loss of function Rental rate x gross leasable area x down time Minor injury cost per person x floor area x occupancy rate x expected minor injury rate Serious injury cost per person x floor area x occupancy rate x expected serious injury rate Death cost per person x floor area x occupancy rate x expected death rate... 

Jeong, S.-H. Elnashai, A.S. 2006. New three-dimensional damage index for RC buildings with planar irregularities./o w r/ of Structural Engineering 132(9) 1482-1490. 

In the discussion that follows, we repeatedly use the term damage index (DI). This parameter is defined as the ratio of failed cohesive elements to the total number of cohesive elements and is expressed in percent. As the length of all cohesive elements is almost the same, this parameter gives a good indication of the extent of fracture in the specimen. 

Figure 5. Evolution of the damage index with time for a specimen with an average grain size of 60 /xm with the three distributions shown in Figures 4(b) (d).

Figure 10 shows how the cohesive strength affects the final value of the damage index, i.e., the final extent of fragmentation. Note that the failure of all cohesive... 

Figure 10. Variation of final damage index with cohesive strength for different initial strain rates. The average grain size is 60 ixm.

Figure 13. Evolution of damage index for different average grain size of the material. Cohesive strength...

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