Cytochrome scanning techniques

Damage to the respiratory chain is correlated with a decrease in ATP production and a lack of certain enzymes and cytochromes. These defects can be detected by measuring the autofluorescence of flavin molecules in intact and respiratory deficient yeast strains with advanced microscopic techniques [15.114]. The combination of time-resolved laser spectroscopic techniques with a laser scanning microscope opens new possibilities for the investigation of dynamical processes with high spatial resolution. This is demonstrated in [15.114b] by time-resolved fluorescence measurements of carcinoma cells compared with normal cells. 

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