Cytochrome genes

Cytochrome P450 reduction of polyhalogenated alkanes has been demonstrated. For example, cells of Pseudomonas putida G786 containing cytochrome genes on the CAM plasmid were... 

Forsburg, S. L., and L. Guarente, Communication between mitochondria and the nucleus in regulation of cytochrome genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ann. Rev. Cell. Biol. 5 153-180, 1989. 

Metalloproteins that have been overexpressed may need to be reconstituted with their native metal(s). For example, overexpression of the blue copper protein azurin results in a mixture of apo- and Zn forms. When a gene of an uncharacterized metalloprotein is expressed, care must be taken to assure that the identity of the native metal is determined through studies of native protein. Overexpression of heme proteins typically requires reconstitution with hemin. In the case of c-type heme, the heme must be attached covalently to the polypeptide with the assistance of cellular machinery. Wide success in expressing a range of c-heme containing proteins has been achieved by expression of both the structural cytochrome gene and the apparatus for protein maturation. ... 

A second cytochrome gene has been identified recently and this protein also has the same stimulatory effect on lyase activity [2169]. Au-chus et al. [2170] also demonstrated that the same stimulatory effect of cytochrome b could be obtained with apo-cytochrome b, arguing against the requirement for electron transfer. P450 17A1 enzymes from other species vary in their ability to catalyze the 17,20-lyase reaction, and compar-... 

Idkowiak J, Randell T, Dhir V, Patel P, Shackleton CH, TaylorNF, KroneN, ArltW (2012) Amissense mutation in the human cytochrome gene causes 46,XY disorder of sex development due to true isolated 17,20 lyase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97 E465-E475... 

Combined chemotherapy/gene therapy of tumors based on activation of antitumor preparations with cytochromes P450 99MI38. 

Nuclear Receptor Regulation of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Figure 1 General mechanism for transcriptional activation of CYP genes by xenochemicals that activate their cognate xeno-receptor proteins. In the case of Ah receptor, the receptor s heterodimerization partner is Arnt, whereas in the case of the nuclear receptors CAR, PXR, and PPARa, the heterodimerization partner is RXR. The coactivator and basal transcription factor complexes shown are each comprised of a large number of protein components. 

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Acid Pump Antagonists retinoid X receptor (RXR) and is also activated by various lipophilic compounds produced by the body such as bile acids and steroids. PXR heterodimerized with RXR stimulates the transcription of cytochrome P450 3A monooxygenases (CYP3A) and other genes involved in the detoxification and elimination of the... 

Shi J, Hui L, Xu Y, et al Sequence variations in the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) associated with human addiction to heroin. Hum Mutat 19 459 60, 2002 Shinderman M, Maxwell S, Brawand-Arney M, etal Cytochrome P4503A4 metabolic activity, methadone blood concentrations, and methadone doses. Drug Alcohol Dependence 69 205-211, 2003... 

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