Vertical cylinders

Tare the stoppered cylinder to the nearest O.lg and transfer there a 50g sample. Weigh the stoppered cylinder with the sample and pack the material by dropping the cylinder vertically 50 times, from a height of 2.5 onto a piece of soft leather (or rubber). Level the surface of the sample by gently tapping and read the volume in ml... 

As a corollary to the previous subsection consider now the contact angle between a liquid and the outside of a massive cylindrical solid. Keeping the cylinder vertical in the LG interface offers the two usual options ... 

Figure 2.1 Subdivisions of a bin cylinder (vertical section at top), hopper (conveiging section below).

Comparison is made by viewing the cylinders vertically over a white tile inclined at an angle to act as a light reflector. Not more than 10 ml of standard should be required if the solution contains too much antimony for accurate comparison or a turbidity is produced, the procedure is repeated with an aliquot portion of this turbid solution the turbidity disappears and the colour can be matched against a fresh standard. The standard antimony solution contains 0 2668 g of antimony potassium tartrate in 1 litre of 10 per cent sulphuric acid. 

The simplest type of centrifugal device is the cyclone separator (Fig. 3.4), which consists of a vertical cylinder with a conical bottom. The centrifugal force is generated by the fluid motion. The mixture enters in a tangential inlet near the top, and the rotating motion so created develops centrifugal force which throws the particles radially toward the wall. 

Fig. VI-4. Illustration of the surface force apparatus with the crossed-cylinder geometry shown as an inset. The surface separations are determined from the interference fringes from white light travelling vertically through the apparatus. At each separation, the force is determined from the deflection in the force measuring spring. For solution studies, the entire chamber is filled with liquid. (From Ref. 29.)...

It is of importance to note that if the surface = (a ) transform into the vertical crack corresponding to the cylinder a G Fc, — < z < e, then the conditions (3.173), (3.176) transform into the inequality we have used in the previous sections. 

Most furnace shells are short vertical cylinders but may also be triangular, elliptical, or rectangular in plan view. Single-phase furnaces may have one or two movable electrodes. Three-phase furnaces usually have three movable electrodes, but some have six (three paks, two electrodes for each phase). 

The three most common diffuser configurations are a vertical cylinder in which the semifluidized cossettes ate scrolled upward (tower), a pair of upward-moving inclined twin-screw scrolls with cascading juices (slope), and a horizontal rotating dmm equipped with offset compartments which allow the cossettes to fall forward as the dmm turns (Raffinetie Tirlemontoise (RT) horizontal). Residence time within all of these diffusers is typically 45 to 60 minutes. 

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