Cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside

Saito, N. et al., An acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside in the violet-blue flowers of Pharbitis nil, Phytochemistry, 33, 245, 1993. 

The pigmentation of red cabbage is caused by cyanidin derivatives which are acylated with various phenolic acids. Cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside and its derivatives acylated with malonic acid and one or two residues of /7-coumaric, ferulic or sinapic acids have also been detected [59 60]. The relative stability of these pigments seems to be related to their degree of acylation. 

Anthocyanins and anthocyanids are usually separated on microcrystalline cellulose. Andersen and Francis (1985) were able to separate flavonoids on cellulose in the mobile-phase HCl-formic acid-water (24.9 23.7 51.4). The Rf values obtained were 0.03 for delphinidin, 0.06 for cyanidin, 0.11 for pelargonidin, 0.26 for cyanidin 3-glucoside, 0.48 for cyanidin 3-rutinoside, and 0.95 for pelar-goniden 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside. 

Figure 10 TLC separation on cellulose (0.1 mm, Merck) of anthocyanins from raspberry Rid>us idaeus) with densitometric detection at S2S nm using cone, hydrochloric acid-formic acid-water (25 24 51) as mobile phase. Peak identities (1) Cyanidin-3-(2 -glucosyl)-rutinoside (2) Cyanidin-3-sophoroside (3) Cyanidin-3-sambu-bioside (4) Cyanidin-3-rutinoside (5) Cyanidin-3-glucoside.

The main pigment is cyanidin 3-sophoroside, although the 3-glucoside, the 3-rutinoside and the 3-(2"glucosyl)rutinoside of cyanidin are also detected. Pelargonidin derivatives can also be detected at trace levels in some cultivars. Total anthocyanin varies from 230-590 mg/kg fw. [17 31]. 

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