Current State of DIVI Biomarkers

Most currently reported candidate biomarkers are soluble proteins that are intended to reflect the histopathologic processes occurring during DIVI in rats (Mikaelian et al., 2014) and VI in humans (Bendjama et al., 2014) (Table 25.1). Most of these markers are cytokines or acute phase proteins [Pg.398]

Polyarteritis nodosa Arteriolar hemorrhage Fibrinoid necrosis [Pg.398]

Plexiform vasculopathy Micro vascular inflammation Perivasular inflammation Fibrin exudation [Pg.398]

EndotheUal-related markers Immnne activation markers [Pg.398]

FIGURE 25.1 Stages in the development of preclinical DIVI. Zhang and colleagues (2008) used the term polyarteritis nodosa in this manuscript to reflect the microscopic finding of necrotizing inflammation, fibrous thickening of arterial walls, and nodular fibroblastic prohferation in the adventitia. [Pg.398]

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