CSTR Mechanical Mixer Backmix

See Trouble shooting STR, Section 6.27 for more on trouble shooting bioreactors. 

Bd = 0 Pe l. Related topics mixing. Section 7.1, solvent extraction. Section 4.10. 

semibatch and continuous stirred tank reactors Residence time 600-15 000 s (10 min to 4 h) heat of reaction primarily exothermic reaction rate slow to moderate High pressure autoclaves 100 L. 

Unique for CSTR Phases liquid, gas-liquid, hquid-liquid, hquid-catalytic solid, gas-liquid-catalytic solid, gas-liquid -biosohd. Capacity 0.0001-100 L/s and usually 0.4 L/s volumes 1-1000 000 L. Autothermal reactions. Usually if the concentration of reactants is low, and need low concentration of reactants for selectivity. CSTR is larger and more expensive than PFTR. For multiphase, STR are characterized by high liquid holdups holdup of the reactive phase is important if the reaction is slow Ha 1 phase ratio is easy to control. Adiabatic, CSTR usually gives higher productivity for exothermic reactions than for STR batch or PFTR. Use for large capacity, otherwise batch. Heat recovery is easier in CSTR than in a batch STR. 

Liquid 300000 mPa s volume 75 m. Use for kinetically controlled reactions that require long residence times. 

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