Crystallization-Induced Vertical Phase Segregation

P3HT layer at the interface was effectively encapsulated by the crystalline PE phase on the top, resulting in significantly improved environmental stability. In contrast, when a film was cast at room temperature (scheme II), PE crystallized before P3HT, which resulted in poor device performance (t FET 8 x 10 cm V s on/off ratio 100), low P3HTcrystallinity, and thickness-independent P3HTdistribution in the blend films. 

Blened Films with Embedded P3HT Nanowires 

It is well known that the percolation threshold is strongly dependent on the aspect ratio. One-dimensional (ID) nanostructures, such as nanowires, nanotubes, and nanoribbons, have geometries that are favorable for the maintenance of connectivity at low content of active materials. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a good representative example. Electrical percolation can be achieved in polymer composites with well-dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) at levels as low as 0.03 wt% [69]. Recently, it has been reported that the formation of semiconducting nanofibers facilitates percolation in semiconducting/insulating polymer blends. 

---