Crystal structure and physical properties

McWhan, D. B. Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of Americium... 

Abstract In this chapter, recent progress in the synthesis, crystal structures and physical properties of monomeric phthalocyanines (Pcs) is summarized and analysed. The strategies for synthesis and modification of Pcs include axial coordination of central metal ions, peripheral substitution of Pc rings and the ionization of Pcs. The crystal structures of various typical Pcs, especially the effects of different synthetic and modification strategies on the supramolecular assemblies of Pcs via %—% interactions between Pc rings, are discussed in detail. Finally, the UV-vis spectroscopic, conducting, magnetic and catalytic properties of some Pcs with crystal structures are presented briefly, and the correlations between various properties and the molecular structure discussed. 

Zeolite, zeolite group A collective term for a family of aluminosilicate minerals characterized by framework structures that allow easy access and exchange of cations and small molecules (see chapter 2), The name derives from the Greek terms zein, meaning to boil, and lithos, meaning stone. The term is also applied to synthetic materials of comparable composition, crystal structure, and physical properties (see chapter 2). 

Goto, K., T. Kubo, K. Yamamoto, K. Nakasuji, K. Sato, D. Shiomi, T. Takui, T. Kobayashi, K. Yakushi, and J. Qutang. 1999. A stable neutral hydrocarbon radical synthesis, crystal structure, and physical properties of 2,5,8-tri-ferf-butyl-phenalenyl. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 1619-1620. 

Goto, H Fujinawa, T., Asahi, H., Ogata, H., Miyajima, S. andMaruyama, Y. (1996). Crystal structures and physical properties of l,6-diaminopyrene-j9-chloranil (DAP-CHL) charge transfer complex. Two polymorphs and their unusual electrical properties. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 69, 85-93. [82, 195]... 

Melhylaminc nitrate Teiramcthylammonium nitrate Guanidine nitrate Nitrates of aromatic amines Ammonium chlorate Ammonium perchlorate Crystal structure and physical properties Thermal decomposition and burning of A P Thermal decomposition of irradiated ammonium perchlorate Influence of pressure on burning of A P Density and critical diameter... 

The dissociations described above have mostly been identified as interface advance reactions for which the nucleation step occurs relatively readily. The dominant kinetic feature is the progress of the reaction zone inwards to the particle centres. The Polanyi-Wigner reaction model (Chapter 7) was developed to account for the rates of such processes. Shannon [83] identified 29 different chemical changes of this type and found that only one-third of the reported kinetic parameters were within an order of magnitude of the theoretically expected values. From these, the dissociations of CaCO, and MgCOj were selected for more quantitative application of the absolute reaction rate theory. The known crystal structure and physical properties of the participating bonds were used to represent the transition state as follows ... 

Figure 4.28 Crystal structure and physical property of [Ni(tmdt)J. Molecular arrangement view along the molecular stacking direction (a) and along the molecular long axis direction (b). Temperature dependence of resistivity and magnetic susceptibility (c). Reprinted with permission from Tanaka et al., 2001 [128], Copyright (2001) American Association for the Advancement of Science...

Staab, H.A., Kirsch, A., Barth, T. et al. (2000) New proton sponges , 14. Isomeric tetrakis (dimethylamino)naphthalenes syntheses, structure-dependence of basicities, crystal structures and physical properties. European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1617-1622. 

Effects of Crystal Structure and Physical Properties on the Release of Chiral Drugs... 

Drs. G.-y. Adachi, N. Iraanaka, and Z. Fuzhong review the rare earth carbides (chapter 99) emphasizing the thermodynamics, phase diagrams, crystal structures, and physical properties. The binary rare earth carbides present an exceptionally wide range of compositions and structures both as solids and gas-phase molecules. More complex carbides with additional metal and non-metal components also receive attention. 

Healy, P. C. White, A. H. (1972). Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of Anhydrous Sodium Copvper Carbonate. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, pp. 1913-1917. 

The salts, obtained by these methods,have been found have in several varying chemical compositions, crystal structures and physical properties, ifthich depend in most cases on the coimter ion and the conditions of crystallization. Table 2 gives the formulas of some salts,and information on their corresponding composition and... 

CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DMET SUPERCONDUCTORS... 

Since the first discovery of superconductivity in an organic material [1], a number of organic superconductors have been found in the TMTSF and BEDT-TTF families. However, there are many differences in the crystal structures and physical properties between the two families. Recently we have discovered seven organic superconductors in the family of the unsymmetrical donor DMET [2-6]. These new superconductors are the first ones based on an unsymmetrical molecule. They are also useful for understanding the organic superconductors systematicSly, because the DMET salts seem to link the TMTSF and BEDT-TTF families DMET has halves of the structures of TMTSF and BEDT-TTF. 

J. L. Allen, S.-D. Han, P. D. Boyle, W. A. Henderson, J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 9737-9742. Crystal structure and physical properties of lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB or LiBF20x). 

Kubo T, Katada Y, Shimizu A, Hirao Y, Sato K, Takui T, Uruichi M, Yakushi K, HaddonRC (2011) Synthesis, crystal structure, and physical properties of sterically unprotected hydrocarbon radicals. J Am Chem Soc 133 14240-14243... 

To suimnarize, the rare earth borides, carbides, and nitrides have yielded interesting compounds with striking features in their crystal structures and physical properties, and also successfiil applications. They also appear to be systems that are amenable to materials design. This is an important direction to strive for in the current world where natural resources are limited, namely, to highly functionalize materials that are mainly composed of abundant light elements through the innovative use of a small amount of rare element. 

Aslan, A.M., 1990, Phase equilibria, crystal structures and physical properties of the compounds in the ternary systems Ho,U-Co,Ni-Ge, Ph.D. Chemistry Thesis (Lv iv State University, Lv iv) pp. 1-17. 

Gribanov, A.V, 1994, Phase equilibria, crystal structure and physical properties of intermetallics in the ternary Ce-(Pd,Pt)-(Si,Ge) systems, Ph.D. Thesis (Moscow State University, Moscow) pp. 1-21. 

Andrusyak, R.I., 1988, Interaction of scandium with transition metals of IVth period and germanium (equilibrium phase diagrams, crystal structures and physical properties of compounds) Ph.D. Chemistry Thesis (Lvov State University, Lvov) pp. 1-235. 

Konyk, M.B., 1989, Phase equilibria, crystal structure and physical properties of compounds in the... 

KYANITE. (Cyanite.) 3Al203-3Si02. This mineral has the same chemical composition as andalusite and sUlimanite, but differs in crystal structure and physical properties. Kyanite ore has a specific gravity of 3.5-3.7 and a variable hardness, 4—5 parallel to the long direction of its blades and 6-7 across them. 

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