Cryogenic pumping system capacity

Pumping systems used on recent XPS spectrometers are typically (1) turbomole-cular pumps coupled with a rotary or membrane pump for the introduction chamber (a in Fig. 7) and (2) a cryogenic pump (b in Fig. 7) or an ionic pump with Ti subli-mator for the analysis chamber the second one being preferred to cryogenic pump on systems with imaging capacity to avoid vibrations. A detailed description of the vacuum technology can be found elsewhere. ... 

The cryogenic trap section of the line consists of one more large capacity, removable trap, and three U traps leading to the inlet of the Toepler pump. These traps can be used to separate volatile materials on the basis of differing vapor pressures, as is performed routinely for boranes, phosphines, etc, on lines similar in design to this section of the vacuum system. 

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