Cross-screen

The data show that from 2002 to 1Q2009 the largest source of leads or SoC over this period consistently came from the kinase cross-screen (X-screen). The X-screen process is depicted schematically in Figure 1.5. Over half (53%) of all leads identified derived from this approach. For our purposes, a hit is an active compound that comes out of a screen, and a lead is a more advanced compound that has significant promise such that one has confidence that an optimization effort will lead to a clinical candidate. The other two target class... 

Figure 1.5 The Kinase Cross-Screen (X-Screen) process to identify starting points for kinase programs.

Some cross-screening of compounds takes place - although very little of this is random in nature. 

Selectivity Evidence of good selectivity in UCBs off-targets panel, internal cross screens and/or external testing (Cerep), and modulation of this selectivity toward TCP requirements. 

Fig. 27. Scanning electron micrograph (a) and cross-sectional comparison (b) of screen and depth filters both having a nominal particulate cut-off of 0.4 flm. The screen filter (a Nuclepore radiation track membrane) captures particulates at the surface. The phase-inversion ceUulosic membrane traps the...

Ultraviolet cross-linking of PVA with dichromates is the basis for its use in photoengraving, screen printing, printed circuit manufacture, and color-television tube manufacture. 

Specificity of the assay depends on the specificity (cross-reactivity) of the antibodies. Of the known cyanobacterial toxins, only hepatotoxins are detected and are, therefore, able to be screened for by protein phosphatase inhibition. 

Figure 1.18(d) Cross-sectional view of a large screen protected motor showing the cooling circuit (Cooling system ICOA1) (Courtesy NGEF Ltd)... 

The scattering cross-section is considerably different from the Rutherford cross-section, because the distance of closest approach, Ri i , is rather large at low energies. Thus, electronic screening of the interaction between the nuclei is important. The screened scattering potential V(r) reads ... 

Deviations from Rutherford cross-sections are also found for heavy projectiles at lower impact energies, when the projectile can bind inner shell electrons which screen the nuclear charge. These deviations are usually small and can easily be taken into account by use of a theoretical correction [3.160]. 

Figure 9.2-2 shows a data input screen in which general characteristics are input by radio buttons and numerical data is typed. The program calculates distances to specified in.sic concentrations and other requested consequence levels automatically. Results are available in a variety of formats including cloud footprints, sideview, cross section, pool evaporation rate, concentration vs distance and heat flux contours. Figure 9.2-3 shows the calculated results as a toxic plume. superimposed on the map with and without oligomerization. 

---