Flash crackers

The Hj/400°FVT streams from each system are sent to separate flash drums where the bulk of the Cj and lighter material is removed. The virgin and cat cracker streams from the flash drums go to separate debutanizers while the Powerformer stream goes to an absorber-deethanizer followed by a debutanizer. The Q and lighter overhead streams from the virgin and cat cracker debutanizers are sent to this absorber- deethanizer for final deethanization. In the flow scheme shown this tower does not have a separate lean oil. It is called an absorber-deethanizer because the Powerformer stream serves in part to absorb the Cj and C4 components in the streams from the debutanizers. A separate lean oil stream is added in cases where higher Q and Q recoveries are justified. 

Firecrackers, flash crackers or salutes, the explosive content of which exceeds 12 grains in weight each, or pest control bombs, the expl content of which exceeds 18 grains each in weight... 

These devices are old they were described by John Bate and by Hanzelet Lorrain. English crackers are represented in the lower right-corner of Figure 23, reproduced from Lorrain s book of 1630. They are used in bombshells and, as Lorrain used them, in rockets, where they jump about in the air producing a series of flashes and explosions. Children shoot them on the ground like firecrackers where their movements suggest the behavior of grasshoppers. 

The process has three basic variations-the Type II unit, the Type III unit, and the Type IV unit with the degree of desulfurization, and process severity, increasing from Type I to Type IV. Thus, liquid products from Types III and IV units can be used directly as catalytic cracker feedstocks and perform similarly to virgin gas oil fractions, whereas liquid products from the Type II unit usually need to be vacuum-flashed to provide a feedstock suitable for a catalytic cracker. 

Hatch heads and match head compositions make good gunpowder. Grush the heads if you want them Co burn faster. Host firecracker compositions work fine. Some cannon cracker compositions are very fast so be careful Flash cracker compositions are also fast. Nearly any mixture that burns violently without detonating will work. Anything that detonates like fulminates and high explosives will certainly blow up the gun. 

The following fonnulat are in use for making the composition used in Chinese crackers and flash crackers ... 

Outside of military specifications seems to be pyro aluminum> a dark powder, called by Izzo alhtminio nero (black) or oscuro (dark), of which the grade piro (pyro) is very fine. An American commercial grade consists of extremely fine flakes suitable for and used in flash crackers. Such powder is made from burned paper-backed foil scrap and contains a little carbon that promotes ignitibility. 

A computer simulation of a thermal cracker fractionator pumparound section based on equilibrium flash vaporization calculations shows that the heat-transfer coefficient for a theoretical separation stage was 1,600 BTU/hr/ft /°F. On this basis, the height equivalent to a theoretical stage of packing, such as the Flexipac type 4 in section 3 (see Table 8-3), is ... 

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