Cover, concrete and design

Additives and cement replacement materials such as pulverized fuel ash (fly ash), ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume (micro silica) and other materials can reduce the pore size and block pores enhancing durability further. However, proper curing may be vital to get the required performance with these blended cements. 

XO Concrete with no Concrete in buildings with very low 

Carbonation risk embedded metal (except at risk of freeze/thaw, abrasion or chemical attack or reinforced but very dry humidity, mass concrete 

Corrosion induced by chlorides other than sea water  

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