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Court cases United States

One of the easiest types of situations to resolve was the case where the employee was an ordinary employee engaged in carrying out general duties within the company, who made an invention in the course of his employment on company time and at company expense. The shop-right rule in such a case is well set out by the Supreme Court in United States v. Dubilier Condenser Corp. (8) ... [Pg.36]

British and U.S. courts began developing case law to protect trademarks against infringement in the early 1800s. In 1883, the United Kingdom adopted a statute that provided for registration of fancy words as trademarks. The United States enacted its first federal trademark statute in 1870, but the statute was declared unconstitutional in 1879. Subsequent federal trademark statutes were adopted in the United States in 1881, 1905, and 1920 the present comprehensive statute, known as the Lanham Act, was enacted in 1946. The Lanham Act was substantially revised for the first time in 1988 by the Trademark Law Revision Act of 1988. The 1988 act, which became effective on November 16, 1989, both modified and supplemented the earHer statute. [Pg.268]

The question of ethnological white races and their relationship to the legal concept white persons was taken up even more forcefully the next year, in reference to the United States case against the Parsee (Syrian) immigrant Bhicaji Franyi Balsara (1910). In response to the United States contention that the phrase free white persons must be construed to mean what it did in 1790, the court remarked,... [Pg.265]

In modem society, a search is premised upon a person s right to privacy, rather than traditional physical trespass. The Amendment protects people, not places. In Katz v. United States [24] the Court rejected the property approach in favor of a privacy approach. The Supreme Court held a nontresspassory eavesdropping into a public telephone booth constituted a search. The Court focused on the privacy aspect of the amendment, rather than applying it to specific location. The Court declined to characterize a telephone booth as a constitutionally protected area. A search occurs when (1) a person s subjective expectation of privacy is invaded providing (2) society is prepared to recognize that expectation is reasonable. The definition of reasonableness is itself determined on a case by case basis [37]. [Pg.253]

United States v. L.J. Helder, U.S. District Court for the District of Nebraska, Case No. 8 02-M-64, Affidavit for Complain by FBI Agent Mark Havrin (8 May 2002). [Pg.281]

Federal legislation for the postwar South led the Supreme Court to its first major confrontation with the Second Amendment. The case of United States V. Cruikshank (1876) arose from the trial of a band of white farmers (and probable KKK members) who had attacked and burned a courthouse... [Pg.15]

In Presser v. Illinois, the Supreme Court reaffirms its ruling in the Cruik-shank case but also says that states cannot abolish the right of citizens to keep and bear arms because it would deprive the United States of the pool of citizens who make up the reserve militia. ... [Pg.101]

In Moore v. East Cleveland the Supreme Court states (in passing) that the right to keep and bear arms is one of the specific guarantees contained in the Constimtion of the United States, but this ruling is not applied to gun control cases. [Pg.103]

Sprigman, Chris. This Is Not a Well-Regulated Militia. Open Forum, Winter 1994, n.p. Reviews Supreme Court cases and concludes that the Court has interpreted the Second Amendment as protecting state militias, not as an individual right to bear arms. Sprigman cites United States V. Miller (1939) and argues that the militia concept is probably not relevant to modern America. [Pg.201]

Although the FDA s Office of General Counsel is involved with enforcement of both civil and criminal matters, cases involving court enforcement are handled by assistant U.S. attorneys (AUSAs), who are located in U.S. attorneys offices located across the United States. U.S. attorneys are the local representatives of the DOJ they are appointed by and serve at the discretion of the president, with advice and consent of the Senate. There are 93 U.S. attorneys, and they are located (by district) across the United States and its territories. Each U.S. attorney is the chief federal law enforcement officer of the United States within his or her particular district. [Pg.48]

The Court s majority opinion, written by Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, said that the lower court had applied too strict a standard. The Court ruled that the agents had a reasonable suspicion that the respondent was engaged in wrongdoing. The decision referred to earlier cases such as Terry v. Ohio (1968), which ruled that police with a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity (not necessarily probable cause) could stop someone for questioning, and United States v. Cortez (1981) in saying that police could base their decision to search on the totality of the circumstances. The characteristics observed by the agents in Sokolow s behavior had probative value even aside from the question of whether they amounted to use of a profile. [Pg.61]

The case ultimately went to the United States Supreme Court. On March 21, 2001, after hearing arguments for both sides, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of the women based on the Fourth Amendment. Hospitals cannot test pregnant women for drugs without their consent and then inform the police. [Pg.107]

The DEA has documented approximately 4,500 federal, state, and local law enforcement investigations involving the distribution or possession of Rohypnol within the United States since 1985. The cases are spread across 38 states. However, at least two-thirds of those cases are in Florida and Texas, according to testimony given before Congress in 1999 by Terrance Woodworth, Deputy Director of the DEA s Office of Diversional Control. Since 1994, at least nine people have been convicted of sexual assault in five state court cases in which there was evidence that Rohypnol was used to incapacitate the victim. The DEA is aware of 17 other sexual assault cases that took place between 1994 to 1998 in which there is evidence to suggest Rohypnol was used. [Pg.442]


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