Cottonseed flours, analysis

Figure 6. Experimentally observed and mathematically simulated regression lines of foam capacity of different percentages of glandless cottonseed flour in suspensions at various pH values. Experimental 4%, 10%, and 16% suspensions were run at pH 3.5, 6.5, and 9.5 to test the reliability of the multiple linear regression analysis. Quantitative data used in this analysis are in Figures 2 and 4.

Sato et a2- (34) demonstrated that a variety of common meat additives, inclucnrTg cottonseed flour, nonfat dry milk, spray-dried whey, wheat germ, and textured soy flour, inhibited WOF in the meat system. These products may have exerted their inhibitory effect on WOF through the Maillard reaction, since most of them contain some reducing sugars. Pratt (40) reported soybeans and soy protein concentrate had an inhibitory effect upon development of WOF and was able to demonstrate that the active components are water soluble. Fractionation and analysis of the water-soluble fraction showed the antioxidant activity was due to the presence of isoflavones and hydroxylated cinnamic acids (40). This confirms earlier work showing that the flavonoTcis present in plant extracts inhibit oxidation in sliced roast beef (41 ). 

Table V. Proximate Analysis (%) Cottonseed Flakes of Defatted Cottonseed and Cot-n-nuts Flour,...

To determine functionality and price, primary and secondary processors and commodity brokers demand the most accurate chemical and instmmental analyses obtainable. But what of the material tested This is almost invariably a sample of the complex conglomeration of flour, grain, cotton/polyester, cottonseed, silage, milk, coal, or whatever commodity is to be purchased or used. The integrity of laboratory analysis, whether it be by NIR or a reference wet chemistry method lies at the mercy of the sample tested. The sample tested is in turn dependent on the sampling method and its preparation for analysis. This chapter will address these aspects. Sample selection is also very important. In particular, it affects calibration of NIR instruments and is discussed later. 

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