Cotton cellulose description

It has been demonstrated that wood cellulose can also be employed for the commercial manufacture of cellulose esters. Several descriptions of suitable purification processes have appeared in the technical literature. - The material has now attained large industrial use and when properly purified approaches the quality of cotton cellulose. Important considerations in the preparation of wood pulp for acetylation are the proper removal of impurities to yield a product of high alpha cellulose content without severe loss of viscosity, and with retention of uniform reactivity of the cellulose toward acetylation. Color and haze in the acetylated product are difficult to eliminate to the degree possible with cotton linters. 

In the following section information is given about the industrial methods of obtaining cellulosic raw materials, such as cotton and wood pulp cellulose, for the purposes of nitration. The question is discussed more extensively in special handbooks devoted to the technology of cellulose. For this reason the description that follows will be limited to general information only. 

Cellulose. — A comprehensive treatise on the modification of cellulose has appeared.The book is sub-divided into five parts a summary of previous work on modified cellulosics, a discussion of cotton and wood cellulose, a review of the accessibility and reactivity of cellulose, a discussion of modification of cellulose by grafting of vinyl monomers, and a description of additional techniques for cellulose modification. 

Maturity of cotton fiber is one of the most important properties that influences the aesthetic value of the cotton fabrics. Immature fibers cause undesirable uneven dyeing and white specks such as those defects in dyed goods. A brief introduction to the cotton fiber morphology may be helpful to better understand the term maturity. A schematic description of the cotton fiber structure is depicted in Fig. 2 (1). The fiber can be described in four parts a cuticle, a primary wall, a secondary wall, and the lumen. A cuticle is the wavy layer surrounding the fiber. Beneath the cuticle is the primary wall, which is at least 50% cellulose in the form of microfibrils. The second-... 

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