Coptis japonica, cell culture

GALNEDER, E., RUEFFER, M WANNER, G TABATA, M., ZENK, M.H., Alternative final steps in berberine biosynthesis in Coptis japonica cell cultures. Plant Cell Rep., 1988, 7, 1-4. 

Nevertheless in 1985 an oxidase was reported from crude extracts of Coptis japonica cell cultures with different properties as compared to the enzyme from Berberis. This led to a systematic comparison of the two cell cultures concerning the last steps of the berberine biosynthesis. The purified oxidase from... 

M. Rueffer and M.H. Zenk, Berberine synthase, the methylenedioxy group forming enzyme in berberine synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett. 26 (1985), 201-202. E. Galneder, M. Rueffer, G. Wanner, M. Tabata, and M.H. Zenk, Alternative final steps in berberine biosynthesis in Coptis Japonica cell cultures. 

Takeshita, N., Fujisawa, H Miura, H Fitchen, J. H Yamada, Y. and Sato, F. 1995. Molecular cloning and characterization of S-adenosyl-L-methionine scoulerine-9-O-methyltransferase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Plant Cell Physiology, 36 29-36. 

Morishige, T., Dubouzet, E., Choi, K. B., Yazaki, K. and Sato, F. 2002. Molecular cloning of columbamine O-methyltransferase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. European Journal of Biochemistry, 269(22) 5659-5667. 

As observed in a different cell system (Coptis japonica cell suspension cultures), an alternative step in berberine synthesis is the formation of the methylendioxy group at the stage of tetrahydrocolumbamine [108]. The cytochrome P450 enzyme... 

SATO, F TAKESHITA, N., FITCHEN, J.H., FUJ1WARA, H YAMADA, Y S-Adenosyl-L-methionine scoulerine-9-0-methyltransferase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Phytochemistry, 1993,32, 659-664. 

SATO, F TSUJITA, T KATAGIRI, Y., YOSHIDA, S., YAMADA, Y Purification and characterization of S -adenosyl-L-methioninemorcoclaurine 6-0-methyltransferase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Eur. J. Biochem., 1994, 225, 125-131. 

Amann, M., Wanner, G. and Zenk, M.H. (1986) Purification and characterisation of (S)-tetrahydroberberine oxidase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Phytochemistry, 37,979-82. 

Ikezawa, N., Tanaka, M., Nagayoshi, M., Shinkyo, R., Sakaki, T, Inouye, K., Sato, F. (2003) Molecular cloning and characterisation of CYP719, a methylene-bridge forming enzyme that belongs to a novel P450 family, from cultured Coptis japonica cells. /. Biol. Chem., 278,38557-65. 

Inouye K, Sato F. Molecular cloning and characterization of CYP719, a methylenedioxy bridge-forming enzyme that belongs 51. to a novel P450 family, from cultured Coptis japonica cells. J. 

Sato F, Yamada Y. High berberine-producing cultures of Coptis-japonica cells. Phytochemistry 1984 23 281-285. 

Matsubara K, Kitani S, Yoshioka T, Morimoto T, Fujita Y. High-density culture of Coptis-japonica cells increases berberine production. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 1989 46 61-69. 

Morishige T, Dubouzet E, Choi K-B, Yazaki K, Sato F. Molecular cloning of columbamine O- methyltransferase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 2002 269 5659-5667. Hirata K, Poeaknapo C, Schmidt J, Zenk MH. 1,2-Dehydroreti-culine synthase, the branch point enzyme opening the morphinan biosynthetic pathway. Phytochemistry 2004 65 1039-1046. De-Eknamktil W, Zenk MH. Purification and properties of 1,2-dehydroreticuUne reductase from Papaver somniferum seedlings. Phytochemistry 1992 31 813-821. 

Morishige T, Dubouzet E, Choi KB, Yazaki K, Saito E. Molecular cloning of colum-bamine O-methyltransferase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Eur J Biochem 2002 269(22) 5659-67. 

Sato F, Endo T, Hashimoto T, Yamada Y (1982) Production of berberine in cultures of Coptis japonica cells. In Fujiwara A (ed) Plant tissue culture, proceedings of 5th intema-tiraial congress. Mazuren, Tokyo... 

Berberine (Fig. 3), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is used for the treatment of leisimaniasis. Its biosynthesis was potentiated in cell cultures of Coptis japonica. ... 

Morphine and codeine biosynthesis (Samuelsson, 1999 Herbert et al., 2000 Novak et al., 2000) Studies on the biosynthesis of morphine have been carried out mainly on cell cultures mainly of Coptis japonica and species of Thalictrum. Two enzymes (tyrosine decarboxylase and phenolase) catalyze the formation of dopamine from one molecule tyrosine. Dopamine is also the key intermediate in the biosynthesis of mescaline. 

CHOI, K.-B, MORISIGE, T, SHITAN1, N, YAZAKI, K, SATO, F, Molecular cloning and characterization of coclaurine Y-methyltransferase from cultured cells of Coptis japonica. J. Biol. Chem., 2002,277, 830-835. 

The isoquinoline alkaloids include the analgesics morphine and codeine as well as the antibiotic berberine (Fig. la). Morphine and codeine are two of the most important analgesics used in medicine, and plants remain the main commercial source of the alkaloids (8). Development of plant cell cultures of Eschscholzia califomica, Papaver somniferum, and Coptis japonica has aided in the isolation and cloning of many enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of isoquinoline alkaloids (9). 

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