Copolymerization of olefin and

A polysulfone is characterized by the presence of the sulfone group as part of its repeating unit. Polysulfones may be aUphatic or aromatic. AUphatic polysulfones (R and are alkyl groups) were synthesized by radical-induced copolymerization of olefins and sulfur dioxide and characterized many years ago. However, they never demonstrated significant practical utiUty due to their relatively unattractive physical properties, not withstanding the low cost of their raw materials (1,2). The polysulfones discussed in this article are those based on an aromatic backbone stmcture. The term polysulfones is used almost exclusively to denote aromatic polysulfones. 

Late Transition Metal Catalysts for the Copolymerization of Olefins and Polar Monomers... 

In this more interesting case, each monomer adds only to an end unit of the other kind (k = 0, km - 0). In the polymer, units MA and M then alternate. Coordination copolymerization of olefins and carbon monoxide, catalyzed by complex hydrides of Pd(II) or Rh(I) in the presence of an alcohol co-solvent to yield polyketo esters, provides an example [133,134] Olefin and carbon monoxide are added altematingly, and reaction with alcohol terminates the kinetic chain and restores the catalyst. For ethene as the olefin ... 

The discovery that group IV metallocenes can be activated by methylaluminox-ane (MAO) for olefin polymerization has stimulated a renaissance in Ziegler-Natta catalysis [63]. The subsequent synthesis of well-defined metallocene catalysts has provided the opportunity to study the mechanism of the initiation, propagation, and termination steps of Ziegler-Natta polymerization reactions. Along with the advent of cationic palladium catalysts for the copolymerization of olefins and carbon monoxide [64, 65], these well-defined systems have provided extraordinary opportunities in the field of enantioselective polymerization. 

Cieneral Procedures for Copolymerization of Olefins and Sulfur Dioxide [9a] ... 

Anion 2 reacts with primary chloroalkanes to afford 1-phenyl-thio- 1-trimethylsilylalkanes in high yields. Mixed P-S ligands for the copolymerization of olefins and carbon monoxide have been prepared by treating o-(diphenylphosphino)benzyl chloride with anion 2 in THF affording the desired ligand in 80% isolated yield (eq 16).2 ... 

In addition to the wide variety of true coordination/insertion polymerization reactions with polar fimaional monomers, the phosphine sulfonate catalyst system is capable of the nonalternating copolymerization of olefins and CO. First discovered by Drent a with in situ formed catalysts, Nowack et al later prepared the first single component catalysts 104. In the course of this development, the reaction was studied in detail concerning the mechanism that leads to the additional incorporation of ethene emits (Figure 45). 

The asymmetric alternating copolymerization of olefin and CO has been achieved by using chiral ligands Me-DUPHOS and BINAPHOS for the functionalized olefins possessing hydroxyl, carboxy, carbamate, amide, fluoroaryl, epoxyalkyl,perfluoroalkyl, and para-chlorophenyl groups (Figure 10). 

J. B. P. Soares and A. E Hamielec, Bivariate chain length and long chain branching distribution for copolymerization of olefins and polyolefin chains containing terminal double-bonds. Macromol Theory Simul. (1996) 5, pp. 547-572... 

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