Cooling External, coating

Air from the compressor is split into two streams primary air is premixed with the fuel and then fed to the catalyst, which is operated under O2 defect conditions secondary air is used first as a catalyst cooling stream and then mixed with the partially converted stream from the catalyst in a downstream homogeneous section where ignition of gas-phase combustion occurs and complete fuel burnout is readily achieved. The control of the catalyst temperature below 1000 Cis achieved by means of O2 starvation to the catalyst surface, which leads to the release of reaction heat controlled by the mass transfer rate of O2 in the fuel-rich stream and of backside cooling of the catalyst with secondary air. To handle both processes, a catalyst/heat exchanger module has been developed, which consists of a bundle of small tubes externally coated with an active catalyst layer, with cooling air and fuel-rich stream flowing in the tube and in the shell side, respectively [24]. 

The quench is necessary for all basis materials, conversion coatings, and paint formulations. A coil that is rewound when too warm will develop internal and external stresses, causing a possible degradation of the appearance of the paint film and of the forming properties of the coil. The volume of water used in the quench often has the largest flow rate of all of the coil-coating processes. However, the water is often circulated to a cooling tower for heat dissipation and reuse. 

Thermal transmission methods are relatively new techniques for adhesive inspection. Heat flow is determined by monitoring the surface temperature of a test piece a short time immediately after external heating or cooling has been applied. Subsurface anomalies alter the heat flow pattern and, thereby, affect the surface temperature. The surface temperature difference can be detected by thermometers, thermocouples, or heat-sensitive coatings. Liquid crystals applied to the joint can make voids visible if the substrate is heated. 

In continuously working units cooled hydroxide solution enters at the bottom of the chlorinators which are provided with cooling coils a measured amount of chlorine is simultaneously admitted. The hypochlorite solution leaves the vessels through the overflow, and flows through a stoneware coil, which is externally cooled by water, into a collecting tank with a rubber coated stirrer and a PVC water cooler. The composition of the liquor is here adjusted by the addition of hydroxide or chlorine, and the finished hypochlorite solution is then stored. 

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