Cooling diverging

As discussed in Section II, measured excess scattering intensity, after a melt is cooled below its melting point, increases exponentially with time at all scattering wavevectors and the inverse of niax (at which intensity is a maximum) diverges as These observations are similar to those... 

The use of high-velocity vaporizers has been studied by Comings, Adams, and Shippee (IB). The liquid to be vaporized is introduced into a high-velocity, high-temperature air stream at the throat of a Venturi section. The liquid is vaporized in a divergent cone. The vapor condenses to form a smoke composed of very fine particles when this air-vapor stream mixes with the cool ambient air. The shatter of liquid drops in streams of air is discussed by Lane (6B). 

Analysis of dc zero-field cooled (ZFC) versus field cooled (FC) X versus T or XT versus T data can be quite valuable in some circumstances. For organic systems, it allows confirmation of spin-canted ordering in a sample, where spin alignment in a domain is incomplete. ZFS and FC plots will diverge at the... 

Example 13.1 Lorenz equations The strange attractor The Lorenz equations (published in 1963 by Edward N. Lorenz a meteorologist and mathematician) are derived to model some of the unpredictable behavior of weather. The Lorenz equations represent the convective motion of fluid cell that is warmed from below and cooled from above. Later, the Lorenz equations were used in studies of lasers and batteries. For certain settings and initial conditions, Lorenz found that the trajectories of such a system never settle down to a fixed point, never approach a stable limit cycle, yet never diverge to infinity. Attractors in these systems are well-known strange attractors. 

The structural correlations are strongly enhanced in the under-cooled state as the temperature is reduced towaids the metastable limit of -40°C (to D2O) and various thermoph ical properties exhibit diverged behaviour [8]. The exact nature of this anomaly is still the subject of some controversy. However, the difiraction pattern indicates that the stmcture is evolving towards that of amorphous ice which is characterised as a continuous random networit of tetrahedral hydrogen-bonds [9]. Recent neutron measurements on amorphous ice [10] have re-infor the earlier conjectures tuid shown that the structure is similar to that of hyper-quenched glassy water produced by rapid cooling of micron-sized water droplets. It can now be realised that the CRN mo l for the disordered phase of ice is effectively the limiting stmcture of water at low temperatures. 

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