Cool Down after Sintering

Stresses in a cell embedded in a stack originate from different phenomena. Residual stresses build up during the cool down, after the sintering, because of the mismatches between the CTEs of the materials of the cell. The dissymmetry of the system results in curved specimens. Stresses in the cell then arise from mechanical... 

After the end of the interaction, the melt is cooled down to room/ambient temperature, and the metal and salts are crushed and leached using mineral acids and water to separate the metal. The metal precipitates mostly in the form of dendrites, which are pressed and sintered into bars to be converted into wire, sheet and powder. 

After the ceramic has been sintered, it must be cooled to room temperature and removed from the kiln. This cool-down can be very important to warping and cracking because the temperature gradient in the ceramic piece can cause stress to build up. In some cases, the sohd undergoes phase transformations during cool-down. If these phase transformations incur large changes in molar volume, then they can cause stress to build up. Such a problem occurs in the cool-down of porcelain bodies which contain the phase crystoballite. 

After the 2nd evaporation, cool the beaker with contents and rinse down the watch glass and side of beaker until the vol in the beaker is increased to ca 100 ml. After allowing to stand for 2 hrs fiirer off the ppt of Pb sulfate thru a sintered-glass filtering... 

After the 2nd evaporation, cool the beaker with contents and rinse down the watch glass and side of beaker until the vol in the beaker is increased to ca 100 ml. After allowing to stand for 2 hrs filter off the ppt of Pb sulfate thru a sintered-glass filtering crucible. Use a stream of 95% ale (ca 50 ml) for transferring the ppt from the beaker to the crucible and three 50-ml portions of ale for rinsing the ppt on the filter. Dry the crucible with ppt for 1 hr at 100°, cool in a desiccator and weigh... 

Fig. 31. Dependence of MHC on the average cooling rate through the range from 800 down to 500° C for sintered magnets SmCo5 x with different Sm excess over the 1-5 ratio. (After den Broeder et al. 1974.)...

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