Contrast agent for MRI

Targeted contrast agents are specific and directed to a specific molecular or cellular target with an appropriate targeting ligand molecule. Recombinant high density lipoprotein (HDL)-like nanoparticles, a specific contrast agent for MRI of atherosclerotic plaques, has been reported [86] (Fig. 25). 

Annexin V-functionalized crosslinked iron oxide (CLIO) was designed as a contrast agent for MRI, which was additionally labeled with Cy5.5 to allow colocalization with optical imaging techniques [98]. Alternatively, conjugation of multiple Gd-DTPA molecules or SPIO particles to the C2 domain of synaptotagmin I was shown to allow the detection of apoptotic cells in vitro [99]. Zhao et al. [100] were the first to apply a C2 domain-functionalized SPIO and showed very promising results for future in vivo applications of MR contrast agents for the detection of apoptotic sites. 

Beside the stable Gdm complexes that we discussed throughout this chapter, other Gdm-based systems have been also investigated as potential contrast agents for MRI. Here, we will shortly review data on gadofullerenes and carbon nanotubes loaded with Gdm. 

Gd(III)-Based Contrast Agents for MRI Silvio Aime, Mauro Botta and Enzo Terreno... 

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