Constant kinetic energy

A very important feature of the total energy is that, provided there are no outside influences, it is constant. Kinetic energy and potential energy can... 

Other methods for performing constant-temperature molecular dynamics calculations have been proposed recently. Evans (72) has introduced an external damping force in addition to the usual intermolecular force in order to keep the temperature constant in the simulation of a dissipative fluid flow. In another method, Haile and Gupta 13) have imposed the constraint of constant kinetic energy on the lagrangian equations of motion to perform calculations al constant temperature. 

In the first instance, this applies only to a particle with constant kinetic energy. Nevertheless, it shows with unexpected clarity the origin of quanti sation—when a particle is bound within a certain region of space it can exist only in certain discrete energy states. For if the particle is now confined to a certain region, by means of barriers a distance I apart, p must vanish at and outside the end points and these boundary conditions require that... 

The time-of-flight (ToF) analyzer is the most widely used analyzer in static SIMS. As its name indicates, for this analyzer the flight time of an ion is the parameter for measurement. When ions are obtained with a constant kinetic energy from an acceleration potential (V) of 3-8 kV, the flight time of ions through a distance (L) of flight tube to reach a detector is calculated. 

Total number of species Equilibrium constant Kinetic energy, energy Reaction rate constant Index of dependent reactions Length, length Mass, mass... 

K absorption coefficient bulk modulus equilibrium constant kinetic energy LIMS laser ionization mass spectroscopy laboratory information management system ... 

TOF mass analysis is based on the simple principle that molecular and fragment ions are separated as a function of ion velocities. Ions are all accelerated with the same electrostatic potential and hence acquire the same total kinetic energy. Accordingly, after acceleration to a constant kinetic energy (equivalent to zV, where is the accelerating electrostatic potential), ions travel at a velocity, v, that is related to m/z according to... 

C. potential energy remains constant, kinetic energy increases... 

Consider the motion of a particle across the plates, as shown in Fig. 5.3. We presume that outside of the condenser in the regions (B) and (A) there is no electric field. (B) means before and (A) means after. So the particle approaches the condenser with constant kinetic energy. Therefore, the electrode Ub must be at the same electric potential than the electrode f/. Inside the condenser, the particle is accelerated and leaves the condenser with increased kinetic energy. Therefore, it is expected that the energy of the condenser is decreased by this process and the voltage across the plates drops. For a moment, we pause at this point. 

The invariant probability density, which is associated to a surface of constant kinetic energy, can be written as a generalized function using the Dirac notation ... 

This is the wave equation for a particle moving with constant kinetic energy along the x coordinate. There is a direct relationship between the kinetic energy and the curvature of the wavefunction, which is proportional to di y/ldx. ... 

Thus, a magnetic sector on its own wiU separate ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio, provided that the charged particles entering the sector exhibit nearly constant kinetic energy. 

Boltzmann constant Kinetic energy Knudsen number... 

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