Consolidant terminology

This paper is concerned with a major assignment that is integrated within a semester-long introductory course in soil mechanics, which for most students is taken in the second semester of their 2nd year of study. The course covers the topics of definitions and terminology effective stress flow of water, settlement and consolidation and soil strength. The course involves three hours of lectures and a 1 hour tutorial each week for 13 weeks, and five 2 hour laboratory sessions. One of the tutorial sessions is dedicated to assisting students with the Excel spreadsheets. 

Unlike the phenomena and characterization techniques described in Sections 5.3.1 through 5.3.3, the water transport in the PTL lacks adequate theoretical foundations. The current literature questions the assumptions in the original Young-Laplace formulations, and it emphasizes the lack of reliable models. The clarification and consolidation of the relevant terminology, theory, and experimental techniques has been aided by the recent efforts, but finding predictive relationships to PTL performance, degradation, and durability remains a challenge. 

These plans will be consolidated into one concise plan, with annexes for each river system within the western rivers. There have been numerous action plans in the past but they have not included all of the western rivers the plans had different terminology and the plans did not fully address each of the possible river extremes. The WAPs will establish common framework for proactive and reactive efforts, ensure safety of life and navigation, provide protection of infrastructure, and prevent marine casualties during periods of high water, high velocity, low water, and ice. 

The freezing of a clay soil results in the formation of comparable, denser, stronger aggregations of clay particles, between the ice layers. In the newly thawed clay these are often visible as friable, schist-like fragments. Pusch (1977, 1979), Chamberlain and Gow (1979), Williams (1963) and others have pointed out this consolidation effect (to use the terminology of soil mechanics), that freezing has on clays and similar materials. 

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