Conjugation requirements for

Acetylenes R-OC-R and higher oligomers, such as diynes R-(OC)2-R triynes R-(CsC)3-R, and tetraynes R-(C=C)4-R, have the requisite conjugation required for both %(2) and effects. With suitable substitution patterns, R = n-... 

This method, while effective in creating bioconjugates, does not produce the well-defined conjugates required for some applications. Because each polymer contains multiple protein-reactive sites, each chain can bear a different number of proteins, thus creating a heterogeneous mixture of bioconjugates. End-group functionalized polymers circumvent this issue because they have either one or two protein-reaaive sites. 

Although poly(9,9-dialkylfluorenes) exhibit the extended conjugation required for JT-stacking to the NTs surface, they have thus far attracted hmited attention as... 

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