Conjugated linoleic acids heterogeneous catalysts

Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis Advances and Applications 18 Heterogeneous Gold Catalysts and Catalysis 19 Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils 20 Enantioselective Multicatalysed Tandem Reactions... 

Bernas, A., N. Kumar, P. Maki-Arvela, E. Laine, B. Holmbom, T. Salmi, D.Y. Murzin. Conjugation of Linoleic Acid Over a Hydrogen Preactivated Heterogenous Catalyst, Chem. Commun. ft l 142—1143 (2002). 

Currently, CLAs are mainly produced by conjugation of oils high in linoleic acid, viz. soybean and safflower oil, or alternatively by dehydration of castor oil [325,326]. Unfortunately, these processes require the use of homogeneous alkali bases, solvents, and neutralizing acids and hence do not show the characteristics of a sustainable process. Heterogeneous catalysts are more attractive as they can be easily recovered by filtration. However, literature reveals that it is not easy to design a catalyst with high CLA selectivity as... 

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