Congestive heart failure and hypertension

The increased incidence of glucose intolerance, congestive heart failure, and hypertension among elderly... 

Explain the mechanism of action of diuretics in congestive heart failure and hypertension... 

The pharmacological mechanisms of action of NO donors that contribute to their benefit in coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and hypertension are listed in Table 11.1. These actions can be grouped into five categories vasodilation, decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption, improvement in hemodynamic performance,... 

Insulin edema is a rare complication, more often seen in the earlier years of insulin therapy (SEDA-11, 364). It is mostly seen when dysregulated patients with progressive weight loss are treated with relatively high amounts of insulin. Reduced sodium excretion (88), sodium reabsorption, and water retention by a possible direct action of insulin on the kidney may be involved (89). The role of aldosterone or of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in insulin edema is unclear. Insulin edema is a specific adverse effect, but it can aggravate pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, and hypertension. Treatment consists of reduction of the insulin dose, after which the edema resolves within 3 days. 

The coenzyme QIO is a natural substance belonging to the family of 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-polyprenyl-l,4-benzoquinone, widely known as ubiquinone for its ubiquitous occurrence in animal and plant tissues. This coenzyme plays a pivotal biological role in the electron transport chain in both photosynthetic and respiratory processes. " CoQlO has a chnical effect in human congestive heart failure and hypertension. It also augments the compromised irmrnme system and prevents cardiotoxicity of some of the cancer drags. ... 

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