Condylar joint

A condylar Joint is a modified ball and socket, with partial flattening of both articular surfaces. This flattening limits the motions available as compared to a spheroid joint. An example of this is the metacarpal-phalangeal articulation. 

The ellipsoid Joint modifies the spheroid joint by a head shaped as an ellipsoid (football-shaped). It has greater motion than the condylar joint but less than the spheroid joint. An example of that is the radiocarpal articrrlatioa... 

Knee arthroplasty designs from the 1970s. (A) Modified geometric (B) Townley (C) Leeds (D) Total Condylar (E) Charnley load-angle inlay (F) Freeman-Swanson (G) Marmor modular. (Reprinted with permission from Walker RS. 1977. Human joints and their artificial replacements. Springfield, IL CC Thomas Publisher.)... 

Insall J., W.N. Scott, and C.S. Ranawat. 1979. The total condylar knee prosthesis. A report of two hundred and twenty cases. / Bone Joint Surg 61 173-180. 

Insall J.N., P.E Lachiewicz, and A.H. Burstein. 1982. The posterior stabilized condylar prosthesis A modification of the total condylar design. Two- to four-year clinical experience. J Bone Joint Surg 64 1317-1323. 

Ranawat C.S., H.A. Rose, and W.J. Bryan. 1984. Replacement of the patello-femoral joint with the total condylar knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop 8 61-65. 

Vince K.G., J.N. Insall, and M.A. Kelly. 1989. The total condylar prosthesis. 10- to 12-year results of a cemented knee replacement. Bone Joint Surg 71 793-797. 

Mikulak S.A., O.M. Mahoney, M.A. dela Rosa, and T.R Schmalzried. 2001. Loosening and osteolysis with the press-fit condylar posterior-cruciate-substituting total knee replacement. Bone Joint Surg 83A 398-403. 

Clinical examination reveals a laterally swollen elbow, tender at the fracture site, which is increased by active flexion of the wrist. Interpretation of the AP and lateral radiographs depend on the degree of ossification of the capitellum and the extent of the displacement. The lesser the degree of ossification, the harder it is to assess the fidl extent of the injury. In infants, where there is no ossification of the distal humeral epiphysis, lateral condylar injury may be confused with physeal separation or dislocation of the joint Physeal separation is the conunonest of these injuries in infants less than 1 year old. Often the only sign of injury is a small sliver of displaced metaphyseal bone. 

Double condylar-glenoid mandibular joint. Absent (0) present (1). 

Bailey, M. M., Wang, L., Bode, C. J., Mitchell, K. E., Detamore, M. S. 2007. A comparison of human umbUical cord matrix stem cells and temporomandihular joint condylar chondrocytes for tissue engineering temporomandibular joint condylar cartilage. Tissue Eng 13(8) 2003-10. 

Bone absorption around screw or screw loosening for total joint replacement has been studied as one of failure factor. Stress concentration around the fixed screw seems to be an index to evaluate a possibility of failure after the TMJ prosthesis replacement. Therefore, the distribution of the fixed screws in the model C was evidenced more suitable for decreasing the stress concentration around screw holes. In addition, the distribution of the fixed screws at the model A could be better to prevent screw fracture due to less magnitude in peak stress concentration. Analyzing the different types of positions in the screw insertion showed that the magnitudes of peak stress in three condylar prostheses were not significant difference, but the regions of the peak stress were trivial dissimilar in the three FE models. 

Walker PS, Hsieh HH. Conformity in condylar replacement knee prostheses. J Bone Joint Surg 1977 59B 222-8. 

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