Scanning condition

Figure 27.13 Chromatovoltammogram of a phenolic acid mixture using volt-ammetric-amperometric detection. Conditions scan rate, 2.0 V/s W2 potential, -0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl flow rate, 1.0 mL/min. Peak identities (in order of elution) gentisic acid, 80 pmol vanillic acid, 130 pmol caffeic acid, 220 pmol p-coumaric acid, 520 pmol ferulic acid, 410 pmol sinapic acid, 580 pmol. [Reprinted with permission from Ref. 25.]... 

Figure 13.1 Cyclic voltammograms (a) 3 mM [Fe(MeCN)4](C104)2 (b) 3 mM FeCl3 (c) 3 mM Fe(acac)3 (d) 3 mM Fe(Cp)2 (e) 3 mM Fe(CO)5 in MeCN (0.1 M tetra-ethylammonium perchlorate). Conditions scan rate 0.1 V s ambient temperature glassy-carbon working electrode (0.09 cm2) saturated calomel electrode (SCE) versus NHE, +0.244 V.

Fig. 3.4. Differential pulse voltammetric determination of purine and pyrimidine bases guanine (2 x lO- M), adenine (3 x I0-5 M), thymine (3 x 0 4 M) and cytosine (3 x 10 4 M) in borate buffer (pH = 10.02) (a) with ultrasonic pretreatment (power intensity 72 W/cm2, horn tip-electrode separation 5 mm, (b) successive scan without ultrasonic pretreatment. DPV conditions scan rate 5 mV/s, amplitude 50 mV. (Reprinted from ref. [68] with...

Fig. 7. ESR spectra of PBN adduct present in coronary effluent extracted into toluene after (a) 1 min, (b) 2 min, (c) 3 min, (d) 4 min of post-ischemic aerobic reperfusion, and (e) same as (c) except that the spectrum was obtained at -I00°C. Spectrometer conditions scan range 100G modulation amplitude 1 G microwave power 20mW scan time 4 min time constant 0.5 s.

Fig. 8. ESR spectra of authentic PBN adduct formed in the Fenton system, (a) In phosphate buffer at room temperature, (b) in toluene extracts of (a) at room temperature, and (c) same as (b), but spectrum recorded at — 100°C. Spectrometer conditions scan range 100G modulation amplitude 1.0G microwave power 5 mW scan time 4 min time constant 0.25 s.

C per minute injection port temperature, 270°C carrier gas, helium flow rate, 1 ml/min and MS conditions-scan mode, ionization energy, 70 eV ion source temperature 220°C capillary direct interface heated at 260°C. After acid hydrolysis of the conjugates, extraction, and acetylation, the urine samples were analyzed by computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The presence of aUcylamine antihistamines and their metabolites were indicated with the selected ions m/z 58, 169, 203, 205, 230, 233, 262, and 337. 

Fig. 30. Cyclic voltammogram of 10 M human SOD in the presence of 10 M 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene as a promoter and 0.1 M NaC104 as base electrolyte. Conditions scan rate, 200 mV sec", pH 7.42, 298 K. Reprinted with permission from Azab, H. A. Banci, L. Borsari, M. Luchinat, C. Sola, M. ViezzoU, M. S. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 4649. Copyright 1992 American Chemical Society.

Precursor ion scanning in the negative mode MS-MS in this mode (neutral or alkaline condition) scans the reporter ion for the phospho group, m/z = 79. Phosphopeptides are identified by observation of 97 (H2P04 ), 79 (POs ) and 63 (P02 ) Da. Once the phosphopeptide is identified, the reminder of the sample (after reconstitution in acidic solution) is analyzed in the conventional positive mode. 

Fig.3. Cyclic voltammograms obtained for a polypyrrole-anti-HSA electrode generated galvanostatically at a platinum electrode from a solution of 0.5 M pyrrole that was 100 ppm in anti-HSA. Dotted line represents scan for polypyrrole-anti-HSA electrode cycled in 0.1 M NaNOs, whereas solid lines represent subsequent scans in 0.1 M NaNOs that was 100 ppm in HSA (conditions scan rate lOOmV/s).

Figure 20.3 Cyclic voltammograms of imidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([lm][NTf2]) measured by using a Pt wire working electrode under Hj, Oj, or Ar gas bubbling conditions. Scan rate is lOmVs" . Reproduced with permission from Ref. [11].

Here, we have demonstrated the differences between turnover and nontumover CVs for G. sulfurreducens biofilms. Turnover and nonturnover CVs can be used to correlate catalytic current under turnover conditions to redox peaks under nonturnover conditions. Scan rate analysis can provide a qualitative understanding of the biofilm electron-transfer mechanisms occurring within a biofilm. However, caution should be used when applying the Randles-Sevcik criterion to biofilms, as it was derived for a single-step, reversible electron-transfer step for diffusing mediators. 

Figure 3.12 DSC curves of the pure a-epimer (measurement conditions scan rate 1 K/min, and two mixtures with high a-content. Shown is sample mass 7.8/21.4/ 15.6 mg, DSC 111, the heat flow as function of temperature. The Setaram). (reproduced with permission from eutectic melting peak is indicated by an arrow Ref. [17]).

Fig. 3.11 Left-. Three types of electrode geometries in sonoelectrochemistry. Right Voltammograms for the reduction of 0.23 mM Ru(NH3) in aqueous 0.1 M KCl obtained at 22 C using a 2 mm diameter Pt electrode under (a) silent conditions (scan rate 50 mV s ), (b-d) in the presence of ultrasound (scan rate 20 mV s , 20 kHz, 30 W cm ). From [291], with permission...

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