Concatenation of strings

S is a finite nonempty alphabet whose symbols are used to build the description of solutions. Let X denote the set of finite strings generated from the concatenation of symbols present in X. 

Then, a hash string, describing the molecule, is obtained by concatenation of the highest and lowest eigenvalues of the matrix Q expressed to six decimal places. This string representation of compounds is suitable for similarity/diversity analysis. 

In our original definition [10 22] the ANCOD string was determined as a concatenation of four substrings 83 S3, 84. In order to simpli fy our considerations, we give here its shorter version based on three strings 83 S3. Each of them is composed of n components where n is the number of elementary reactions contained in the studied mechanism. The ith component of each string corresponds to the ith elementary reaction. 

Finally, many chemometricians use matrices. Matlab (see Section A.5) is better than Excel for developing sophisticated matrix based algorithms, but for simple applications the matrix operations of Excel can also be translated into VBA. As discussed in Section A.4.4.2, this is somewhat awkward, but for the specialist programmer there is a simple trick, which is to break down the matrix expression into a character string. Strings can be concatenated using die sign. Therefore, the expression... 

Excel provides a wide range of worksheet functions that operate on text. You are already familiar with the operator, to concatenate text or text and values. Most of Excel s text functions select or modify one or more characters within a text string. 

Most versions of BASIC added string concatenation, which is simply the joining of two strings, end to end. For example,... 

Strings A string is a series of characters enclosed in double quotes ( ). Strings may be concatenated with a plus sign (+). Within a string, non-printable characters are represented by a backslash followed by one or more characters ... 

Note the use of parenthesis around the logical function. Without these around the And operation the expression will be incorrectly evaluated. Both these expressions contain strings of characters enclosed in double quotes that are used to represent bit patterns. These examples illustrate binary representations but octal and hexadecimal formats may also be used (see Box 5.5). Using the concatenation operator to construct array expressions is only one approach. It is also possible to use aggregate expressions that take the form ... 

For string concatenation Lua uses the operator. If one of the operands is a number that can be converted to a string, Lua will perform the string conversion before applying die operator. 

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