Compounds characterisation

FI3. W. L. Jolly, The Synthesis and Characterisation of Inorganic Compounds. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1970. A very useful text, covering the principles of synthesis of inorganic compounds, many of which can be extrapolated to organometallics. Contains chapters on synthetic principles, synthetic techniques, compound characterisation, synthesis. 

Triton X-200 is known to be hardly biologically degradable. To confirm this behaviour, the compound characterised as NPE0-CH2-S03 containing two EO units in the ethoxy chain (NP(E0)2-S03) was submitted to a LC separation. RT comparison in APCI-LC-MS(+/-) experiments and APCI-FIA-MS-MS in the product ion mode were examined (Fig. 2.11.20(a)) in positive and negative modes [15]. In the positive CID spectrum of NP(E0)2-S03, the parent ion 420 disappeared and the product ion m/z 291 (cf. inset in Fig. 2.11.20(a)) known as the characteristic NPEO product ion was observed as base peak [22]. Application of CID furthermore led to alkyl fragments (m/z 57, 71, and 113) and ions at m/z 165 and 121 resulting from the abstraction of the alkyl chain of ion 291 or from the abstraction of the alkyl chain and one... 

Considering that the literature on the development of experimental methods and important fields of application of X/Y correlations in inorganic, organoelement and organometallic chemistry up to 1997 has been covered in earlier reviews,11 we will focus here on recent improvements of experimental techniques and novel applications for compound characterisation. Despite the recently increasing interest in the application of X/Y correlation spectroscopy in solids,12,13 this review will cover only solution NMR techniques. Likewise, a survey of specialised triple-resonance NMR experiments devoted to the characterisation of bio-molecules, and their application, is considered beyond the scope of this article. 

Costantino, U., Marmottini, F., Nocchetti, M. and Vivani, R. (1998). New synthetic routes to hydrotalcite-like compounds - characterisation and properties of the obtained materials. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 1439. 

NMR Spectral Properties in Compound Characterisation and Structural Analysis VCH New York 1994. (c) Verkade, J. G Quin, L. D. Phosphorus-31 NMR Spectroscopy in Stereochemical Analysis VCH Publishers Deerfield Beach, FL 1987. (d) Gorenstein, D. G Phosphorus-31 NMR Principles and Applications Academic Press Orlando, FL 1984. (e) NMR Spectra of Phosphorus Compounds, Topics in Phosphorus Chemistry Interscience Publishers New York 1967, Vol. 5. 

Examples of new synthetic approaches to the benzisothiazole ring are related to compounds characterised by a particular substitution pattern or to heter-obicyclic derivatives. Instead, the preformed benzisothiazole ring was extensively used for the preparation of biological compounds functionalised with several heterosubstituted chains at C-3 or at the nitrogen atom. Naphtho[l,8-c,d]isothiazole (naphtosultam) represents the most used ring when functionalisation at the nitrogen atom with pharmacophores was done. 

In the coordinate system shown in Fig. 5, the set of polynitro arenes studied falls into several classes. Classes A and C contain compounds characterised by the trinitrotoluene mechanism of primary fission in their thermal decomposition. Class B represents unsubstituted polynitro arenes (TNB, HNB and NONA) with primary homolysis of C-NO2 bond in their thermal decomposition. Correlation of HNS data with this Class may be a coincidence but it may also be a result of intermolecular interaction in its crystals. Class D contains dipicryl derivatives in which the intermolecular interaction should dominate the influence on their reactivity (primary fission by heat in NONA is different from that in DIPS). The said influence occurs occasionally in larger molecules with strong intermolecular interactions and was observed in some cases of decomposition initiated by impact [36,75], electric spark [35,36] and (depending on the measurement method applied) also heat [102]. 

Porphyrins are heteroaromatic compounds characterised by a tetrapyrrolic structure that consists of four pentagonal pyrroles linked by four methylene bridges, the porphine structure (Figure 1). 

G Hagele Review in "Phosphorus- P-NMR Spectral Properties in Compound Characterisation and Structural Analysis" (ed L D Quin, J G Verkade) VCH, 395-409,(1994)... 

Glycosides are a group of compounds characterised by the fact that chemically they consist of a sugar portion (or moiety) attached by a special bond to one or more non-sugar portions. Chemically they are hydroxyls of a sugar that are capable of forming ethers with other alcohols, or esters with acids. 

One of the most interesting compounds characterised by Kupchan in the 1970s is the lignan (-)-steganone, isolated from Steganotaenia araliacea. Its interest derives not only from its antileukaemic properties, but also from its axial chirality, which is rare among natural products. 

Quality assurance in rubber processing is discussed. A process parameter based method was developed for choosing the rubber compound characterisation methods that are relevant for predicting the compound properties which are relevant to the properties of the finished products. 19 refs. 

---