Complex with palladium chloride

Optically active (—)-sparteine, a piperidine-derived alkaloid complexed with palladium chloride 33, has been used in the enantioselective oxidation of benzyl alcohol derivatives <2005JA14817>. 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO 34 serves as an efficient catalyst for the continuous production of aldehydes from alcohols and bleach in a tube reactor (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-l-oxyl) <20050PD577>. 

Carbonylation of various unsaturated compounds in the presence of palladium chloride is described by Tsuji el al.4 s Since olefins form complexes with palladium chloride, these apparently are involved, but generally have not been prepared directly. In the case of simple olefins the general reaction is considered to be ... 

Hydrolysis of nitriles to amides. Nitriles form complexes with palladium chloride. When heated with water, these complexes are partially hydrolyzed to amides with liberation of PdCl2 The hydrolysis can also be carried out in situ without isolation of the complex. Yields of amides are low in the case of CH3C=N or C6HsC=N (20-30%) yields are in the range of 70-85% in the case of XCHjC N. 

Arylmercury compounds are also often used as starting materials for the synthesis of palladium(ll) complexes. These reactions, whose reagents and products are compiled in Table 3, typically involve the use of chloromercurio derivatives with palladium chloride complexes (entries a-d). 93>95>179-i8i Similar procedures have been applied to the synthesis of ruthenium(ll) and gold(m) complexes (entries e and f).181,182... 

The selenium ligands, where w = 2, all form chelate complexes with the chlorides and bromides of palladium(II) and platinum(II) and with platinum(II) iodide. In the case ol m =3, the only chelate complexes isolated were those of the type PtX2L (X = Cl, Br I.)... 

Dicarboxylic acids form monomeric complexes with palladium(II), K2[Pd(X2)2] (X2 = oxalate, malonate, etc,).153154 They may be prepared by warming a suspension of palladium(II) chloride with a concentrated solution of the alkali metal dicarboxylate or by using other palladium complexes containing readily substituted ligands such as [Pd(OH)2], [Pd(N03)2(H20)2] or [Pd(02CMe)2]3-155 These complexes are claimed to have useful antitumour properties.155 Complexes [Pd(X2)L2] (X2 = dicarboxylate L = amine or L2 = diamine) may be prepared by reaction of the dichloro complex with a carboxylate salt.156,128... 

Diphenyl selenide is a colourless, strongly refractive oil, B.pt. 167° C. at 16-5 mm. insoluble in water but miscible with alcohol or ether in all proportions. It has a faint odour, and a density of 1 3712 at 0° C., 1 3561 at 15 2° C., and 1 350 at 20° C. With cold bromine in ether solution it yields the dibromide. Diphenyl selenide, unlike dimethyl selenide, does not combine with alkyl iodides, and in this respect it resembles diphenyl sulphide.2 When heated nearly to its boiling-point with sulphur it gives diphenyl sulphide, the reaction being practically quantitative at 300° C.3 With palladium chloride it forms the complex PdCl2.2(C6H5)2Se, orange-red needles, M.pt. 181° to 182° C.4... 

Sodium arylsulfinates and palladium salts react to form arylpaUadium salts and sulfur dioxide. When carried out in the presence of some dienes, stable organopalladium complexes have been obtained. For example, 1,5-cyclooctadiene and sodium p-toluenesulfinate with palladium chloride yields the a,it-complex shown in equation (48).109... 

Diazocine 8 was found to form complexes very slowly or not at all with palladium chloride or silver nitrate. ( )-Azobenzene behaved similarly, and since both compounds have similar pXa values, the ease of complex... 

Sodium arenetellurolates reacted with disodium tetrachloropalladate(II) in ethanol. With equimolar amounts of the reagents, polymeric complexes with one chloride and one arenetellurolate group per palladium atom were formed1. 

One popular method of syntheses of 7r-allyl complexes is reaction of allylic chlorides with palladium chloride in the presence of a reducing... 

Like other cyclic compounds having a cis-azo linkage, benzo[c]cinnoline forms fairly stable complexes with many transition metal salts.These all have a 1 1 ligand metal ratio except in the case of palladium(II) chloride, where a 2 1 complex has been isolated.Benzo[c]cinnoline 5-oxide also gives 2 1 complexes with palladium(ll) chloride and with silver nitrate. " A nickel(O) complex, Ni(PEt3)2(benzo[c]cinnoline)2, has been obtained by reaction with biscyclooctadiene nickel and triethylphosphine in hexane. " ... 

Yields are 5-40%. Study of allylic compounds5 and of butadiene6 has led to the following formulation of the complex of butadiene with palladium chloride and the two products obtained on carbonylation ... 

Pyridine- and quinolinecarboxylic acids. Methylpyridines and methyl-quinolines form complexes (1) with palladium chloride. These complexes can be oxidized by concentrated H2O2 at 80° and then hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid (3). 

The general method of Ryan to quantitate unoxidized phenothiazine derivatives by color complex formation with palladium chloride (500-550 mp maxima) has also been adopted for fluphenazine hydrochloride (see N.F.XIII) and can be used for stability measurements. 

Other acetylenes also react with palladium chloride the products obtained do not for the most part appear to be cyclobutadiene complexes. 

SnMe2Cl2(adenine)2 and SnPhCl2(0H)(Adenine)2 thought to involve N-7 of the bases.Treatment of Inosine and guanosine with palladium chloride in acid gave a set of complexes... 

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