Complex flow patterns axial dispersion model

Multi-zone, Tanks-in-Series, and Axial dispersion models (Fig. 12.3-1 F) Other, less fundamental approaches accounting for mixing limitations in reactors are described in Section 12.7. They are based on simplified descriptions of the mixing pattern, e.g., a ID axial dispersion approach, or on the decomposition of the complex flow reactor into multiple interconnected regions or zones, each of these being described by a different idealized mixing pattern. Such semi-empirical models contain model parameters which have to be determined, experimentally or a posteriori from PDF, CFD, or RTD data. 

Optimal reactor design is critical for the effectiveness and economic viability of AOPs. The WAO process poses significant challenges to chemical reactor engineering and design, due to the (i) multiphase nature of WAO reactions (ii) temperatures and pressures of the reaction and (iii) radical reaction mechanism. In multiphase reactors, complex relationships are present between parameters such as chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, interphase/intraphase intraparticle mass transport, flow patterns, and hydrodynamics influencing reactant mass transfer. Complex models of WAO are necessary to take into account the influence of catalyst wetting, the interface mass-transfer coefficients, the intraparticle effective diffusion coefficient, and the axial dispersion coefficient. " ... 

---