Complex electrical conductivity definition

Measurements of the electrical conductivity of solutions of alkali tantalates have been made,1 but no definite conclusions are deducible as to the complexity of the ions present. 

The definitions of 1902 and 1969 give identical results at a salinity of 35 %o and do not differ significantly for most applications. The definition of salinity was reviewed again when techniques to determine salinity from measurements of conductivity, temperature, and pressure were developed. The Practical Salinity Scale defined in 1978 is a complex function related to the ratio (K) of the electrical conductivity of a seawater sample to that of a potassium chloride (KCl) solution with a mass fraction in KCl of 0.0324356, at the same temperature and pressure. 

Similarly, some systems identify an event sensed on the ventricular channel of the pacemaker which is not preceded by an atrial event, either paced or sensed, as a premature ventricular contraction (PVC). PVC s have a very definite implication for the clinician. The pacemaker s definition is far more specific as the pacemaker cannot analyze the morphology of the complex. Hence, nonphysiologic make-break electrical potentials associated with an internal insulation failure or conductor fracture will also be identified as PVCs as will accelerated junctional rhythms or episodes of atrial undersensing but with intact AV nodal conduction. Some systems may also identify runs of ventricu-... 

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