Common catabolic pathway

DNA replication, RNA, genes, exons, introns, cloning Transcription and translation Gene regulation, mutation, recombinant DNA Cells, mitochondria, common catabolic pathway Phosphorylation, energy yield, conversion Glycosis, energy yield, catabolism Ketone bodies, catabolism Fourth hour exam... 

Enzymes that catalyze the formation of ATP, as well as the other processes in the common catabolic pathway, are all located within the cell in organelles called mitochondria (see > Figure 12.15). Mitochondria are often called cellular power stations because they are the sites for most ATP synthesis in the cells. 

A mitochondrion contains both inner and outer membranes. As a result of extensive folding, the inner membrane has a surface area that is many times that of the outer membrane. The folds of the inner membrane are called cristae, and the gel-filled space that surrounds them is called the matrix. The enzymes for ATP synthesis (electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation) are located on the matrix side of the cristae. The enzymes for the citric acid cycle are found within the matrix, attached or near to the surface of the inner membrane. Thus, all the enzymes involved in the common catabolic pathway are in close proximity. 

Explain the role of coenzymes in the common catabolic pathway. 

Metabolism, the sum of all cellular reactions, involves the breakdown (catabolism) and synthesis (anabolism) of molecules. Objective 6 (Section 12.6), Exercise 12.26. There are three stages in the catabolism of foods to provide energy. In Stage I, digestion converts foods into smaller molecules. In Stage II, these smaller molecules are converted into two-carbon acetyl units that combine with coenzyme A, forming acetyl CoA. Stage HI, which is called the common catabolic pathway, consists of the citric acid cycle followed by the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. The main function of catabolism is to produce ATP molecules. 

Important Coenzymes in the Common Catabolic Pathway (Section 12.8)... 

How many ATP molecules can be formed by the oxidation of ten acetyl CoA molecules in the common catabolic pathway ... 

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