Commitment scheme

There is still no construction from an arbitrary one-way function and no equivalence proof, i.e., none of the above-mentioned primitives can so far be constructed from arbitrary fail-stop signature schemes (but one-way functions can). However, [DaPP94] contains a construction of bit commitment schemes with the properties mentioned above from rather a large subclass of fail-stop signature schemes. 

Juels A, Wattenberg M. A fuzzy commitment scheme. In Proc 6th ACM Conf Comp Commun Sec November 1999. p. 28—36. 

At point A, despite full management commitment to safety performance, with low employee commitment to safety, the number of accidents remains high employees only follow procedures laid out because they feel they have to. At the other extreme, point B, when employee commitment is high, the number of accidents reduces dramatically employees feel responsible for their own safety as well as that of their colleagues. Employee commitment to safety is an attitude of mind rather than a taught discipline, and can be enhanced by training and (less effectively) incentive schemes. 

Notice, then, two points in Rucker s perceptive remark first, the successful accommodation of argon will, of course, strengthen our belief in Mendeleev s scheme second, the whole spirit is very much investigative rather than committed to Mendeleev s scheme, whose lack of a dynamical foundation and therefore whose tenta-tivity and eminent revisability are emphasised. 

The ideal for all of the schemes was for mentoring meetings to take place at least once a month. The target for schools was 10 mentoring sessions between October and June. The commitment was only for 1 year, but about a third of pairs continued into another year. For the adult schemes, mentors were asked to meet at least 10 times over 12 months. Many exceeded this. 

Coincidentally, this quotation also highlights one of the key tests to apply in order to evaluate your management s likely support ask them whether they would be prepared to act as mentors themselves. If not, they probably do not really understand the value of the scheme, and are therefore also unlikely to commit to it on a large scale. 

The scheme has been marketed through company websites and invitation letters. Half of the mentors recruited for the program were internal to Ericsson and typically recommended by senior management. The other half, the external mentors, were recruited with help from the business school IMD - they supplied a range of individuals who committed to mentoring on a voluntary basis. In the recruitment of mentees, Boultwood received assistance from HR and line managers in other countries, who nominated candidates. Selection criteria for mentors included that they had to be ... 

We are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Ministerium ftir Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, and Fonds der Chemischen Industrie for financial support of our work. F.-G. K. thanks the coworkers mentioned in the references for their committed and skillful collaboration, and Mrs I. Reiter and Mrs H. Woll for their skilled assistance with the preparation of the manuscript, the tables and the schemes. 

On the basis of these parameters we determined two possible transition states, 22 and 23. In transition state 22, the rhodium carbene is pointed away from the flip of the incipient cyclopentane ring (a chair-like transition state, counting the five carbons and the rhodium in the six-membered ring), whereas in 23 the rhodium carbene is pointed toward the flip of the incipient cyclopentane ring (a boat-hke transition state). As 10 (see Scheme 16.3) cyclizes to 12, in which the methyl and the phenyl are on the same face of the cyclopentane, we concluded that at the point of commitment to product formation, the transition state leading to cyclization must be chair-like 22 rather than boat-like 23. 

For the cyclization of diazo ester 32 there are four competing diastereomeric chair transition states leading to CH2 insertion products. In the transition state, the Rh-C bond is aligned with the target C-H bond leading to C-C bond formation. The two most stable of these transition states are depicted in Scheme 16.8. The actual product from cyclization is determined as the intermediate carbenoid commits to a particular diastereomeric transition state. If the C-C distance is short at the point of commitment (tight transition state), there will be a substantial steric interaction between the arene and the ester, and 32 b will be disfavored. If the C-C distance is longer, this interaction will not be as severe and more of 32 a will be formed. Thus, it seems reasonable that the ratio of 3 a to 36b is a measure of the C-C bond distance at the point of commitment of the rhodium carbenoid. 

Scheme 16.8 Transition states for the CH2 insertion. The distances at the point of commitment are indicated by braces.

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