Commercial Isolation

Xyloglucans are generally not isolated but are used as the ground flour of tamarind (Tamarindus indicd) seeds or the seed of Detarium senegalense, an African leguminous plant [88]. 

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Isoelectric precipitation results in loss of whey protein as well as undesirable non-protein components. Gillberg (35) has shown that the cystine composition of the isolate is lower than for the meal extract because non-precipitated whey protein has a relatively larger proportion of the total sulfur amino acids. This observation is reinforced by Mattil (36), who showed that the range for amino acid composition was different for several commercial concentrates as compared to commercial isolates. He found methionine to be lower for isolates than for concentrates. 

For one particular commercial isolator ((YBi)3(FeAl)5012 precise details not disclosed) an optical rotation of 1060 deg cm 1 is quoted for a wavelength of 1.55 fim which compares with 175 deg cm 1 for YIG (Y3Fe5012). An additional advantage offered by the substituted garnet is a smaller saturation magnetization of 60mT compared with 178mT for YIG. 

Aluminum is an amphoteric element that acts as a nonmetal in alkali and develops a hydrated gelatinous aluminate of a species [Al(OH)4]. As a result of this reaction, certain suspended matter including polysaccharide polyanions coprecipitates by entrainment. This element, applied in atomic or ionic form, is a common technique for commercial isolation of pectin. In acid, Al3+ supposedly neutralizes polyanions to yield the aluminum salt. After precipitation of the pectin-aluminum complex, the metal ligand is removed by acidification and washing. 

Source Commercially isolated from meat extracts. 

NjOj mol wt 131.14. C 36.63%, H 6.92%. N 32.05%, O 24.40%. Present in muscular tissue of many vertebrates. Commercially isolated from meat extracts. Small amounts occur in the blood, but it is not found in normal urine from adults. The greater part of creatine in muscle is combined with phosphoric acid as phosphocreatine. Produced by liver and kidneys by the transfer of the guanidine moiety nf argi -nine to glycine which is then methylated to give creatine, lit vitro synthesis by liver and kidney tissues Borsook, Dub-noff. J. Biot Chem. 134, 635 (1940). Review and bibliography Peters, Van Slyke, Quantitative Clinical Chemistry Vol. I, Interpretations (Baltimore, 2nd ed., 1946). Synthesis by heating cyanamide with sarcosine Strecker, Jahresber. 

The commercial isolation of the alkaloids differs in no essential feature from that employed for other alkaloids. Owing, however, to the toxic nature of the roots, all handling and grinding operations must be conducted so that the eyes, the respiratory tract, and the hands of the operators are protected. The dusts produce severe conjunctivitis, asthma, and painful infiammations at the base of the finger nails. There is also some evidence of the acquisition of hypersensibility. 

FIGURE 17 J6 Photograph of a commercial isolation amplifier module. 

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