Combustion, heat Refractivity

Electrical conductivity at 25"C Flash point Freezing point Heat of combustion Heat of fusion Heat of vaporitation Refractive index at 20 C Specific gravity at 20/20 C... 

Other techniques previously described for general investigation of tautomeric equilibria (76AHC(S1)1> involve heats of combustion, relaxation times, polarography, refractive index, molar refractivity, optical rotation, X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, neutron diffraction, Raman, fluorescence, phosphorescence and photoelectron spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The application of several of these techniques to tautomeric studies has been discussed in previous sections. Other results from the more important of these will be referred to later in this section. 

By approximation other quantities are additive as well, such as the molar volume, molar heat capacity, molar heat of combustion and formation, molar refraction, etc. 

Report the yields, boiling ranges, and refractive indexes of the two esters. If available, the VPC and IR curves should be attached to the report. The identification number of the calorimeter and bomb, the individual and average values of the calorimeter heat capacity C(S) and the heats of combustion i Hc for the two esters, and the apparent strain energy for the cyclopropane ring should be reported. An estimate of the uncertainties in C(S), the two A//c values, and S should be given. 

Typical properties Boiling point 202°C Dielectric constant 32.2 at 25°C Dipole moment 4.9 Debye at 25°C Enthalpy of evaporation 43.82 3.0kJ/mol Flash point (closed cup) 93°C Flash point (open cup) 96°C Freezing point — 24°C Heat of combustion 719kcal/mol Melting point — 17°C Refractive index n = 1.4690... 

Melting point Specific gravity Index of refraction Molecular volume Molar heat of combustion Specific rotation... 

Specific gravity (25°C) Refractive index, n 5 Specific refraction, r 0 Viscosity (centipoises at 25°C) Solidification point (°C) Specific heat (cal/g at 19.7°C) Heat of combustion (cal/g) Smoke point (°C)... 

J. C. Ku and K-H Shim, The Effects of Refractive Indices, Size Distribution, and Agglomeration on the Diagnostics and Radiative Properties of Flame Soot Particles, in W. L. Grosshandler and H. G. Semerjian (eds.), Heat and Mass Transfer in Fires and Combustion Systems, ASME HTD-vol. 148, ASME, New York, 1990. 

This ring strain makes itself apparent in physical properties such as absorption spectra, parachor, molar refraction, heat of combustion, etc., as well as in chemical instability. Probably the most readily interpreted physical property, and the one with which we are concerned here in the assignment of bond energies, is the heat of combustion. 

Tension Refractive Specific Heat Heat of Combustion (1) ... 

There seems to have been little work on the corresponding anti-gauche equilibrium in 1,2-dialkylethanes. 1,2-Di-t rt-butylethane provides a reasonable model for an aW-anti conformation. Calculations of the strain in many compounds in the series have been reported without a conformational analysis and in fact many have been prepared in pure form and had their density, refractive index and heat of combustion discussed in terms of the average number of gauche interactions . 

Auto ignition temperature Upper flammability limit Lower flammability limit Viscosity Refractive index Solubility in water Solubility of water Solubility parameter Hydrogen bond index Fractional polarity Nitro cellulose dil ratio Nitro cellulose dil ratio Surface tension Specific heat liquid Latent heat Dielectric constant Antoine constant A Antoine constant B Antoine constant C Heat of combustion UN number IMO classification ADR/RID classification UK exposure limits USA exposure limits German exposure limits EU classification EU risk phrases EU safety phrases... 

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