Combustion, gaseous fuels pressure atomizers

Combustion. The primary reaction carried out in the gas turbine combustion chamber is oxidation of a fuel to release its heat content at constant pressure. Atomized fuel mixed with enough air to form a close-to-stoichiometric mixture is continuously fed into a primary zone. There its heat of formation is released at flame temperatures deterruined by the pressure. The heat content of the fuel is therefore a primary measure of the attainable efficiency of the overall system in terms of fuel consumed per unit of work output. Table 6 fists the net heat content of a number of typical gas turbine fuels. Net rather than gross heat content is a more significant measure because heat of vaporization of the water formed in combustion cannot be recovered in aircraft exhaust. The most desirable gas turbine fuels for use in aircraft, after hydrogen, are hydrocarbons. Fuels that are liquid at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature are the most practical and widely used aircraft fuels kerosene, with a distillation range from 150 to 300 °C, is the best compromise to combine maximum mass —heat content with other desirable properties. For ground turbines, a wide variety of gaseous and heavy fuels are acceptable. 

GasoUne is a mixture of hydrocarbons (primarily alkanes) that contain 5 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule. Diesel fuel is a similar mixture, except the molecules contain 12 to 16 carbon atoms. The hot CO2 and water vapor generated during combustion in an internal combustion engine have a much greater volume than the air and fuel mixture. It is this sudden increase in gaseous volume and pressure that pushes the pistons and delivers power to the crankshaft. 

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