Combined assembly by soft and hard

CASH combined assembly by soft and hard (chemistries)... 

However, this process often leads to the loss of ordered mesoporous structures during the crystallization at a high temperature. The Wiesner group developed a novel thermalization process, the combined assembly by soft and hard (CASH) chemistries, to retain the mesostructure while crystallizing [43], CASH is a two-step thermal process (see Fig. 5), which includes thermal treatment of BCP + metal oxide hybrids under an inert gas (e.g., Ar, N2) to generate a sturdy in-situ carbon scaffold that supports metal oxide nanopores as crystallization occurs. The carbon scaffold can subsequently be oxidized away by letting air into the sample chamber, resulting in the final fully crystallized oxide. 

Recently, new crystallisation methods for mesoporous amorphous oxides using combined assembly by the soft and hard (CASH) chemistry method and two-step wall reinforcing method have been reported. 

From this basic list of 12 nano-element categories, a nano-element road map leading to three combinatorial libraries of nanocompounds and nano-assemblies can be envisioned, namely, [hard-hard], [hard-soft], and [soft-soft] types as illustrated in Fig. 18. These nanocompounds and nano-assembUes can be characterized analytically by the proportion of each of these 12 basic nano-elements they contain, based on their discrete bonding/assembly capacities, valencies, stoichiometries, and mass-combining ratios. Many examples of these stoichiometric nanocompounds and assemblies are already documented in the literature and are described in more detail elsewhere [137, 138]. 

Very recently, important examples describing the chemical combination and assembly of these proposed hard and soft nano-element categories (i.e., superatoms) as described in Fig. 24 have now appeared in the literature and are referred to as nanoscale atom mimicry at the nanoscale. In each case, our early concept has been fulfilled and validated by these authors, who have referred to these nanoscale... 

Historically speaking, the first TPEs belong to the PUR family, but since 1950 they were joined by block polymers assembled from hard blocks of polymeric styrene that are attached to soft blocks of polymeric ethylene and butylene, butadiene, or isoprene monomers, and in the 1960s there appeared hard blocks of polymeric aromatic polyesters joined to soft blocks of oligomeric or polymeric ethers. Still later, hard polyamide blocks derived from aromatic dicar-boxylic acids were combined with soft blocks of aliphatic components and the world of TPEs continues to expand. 

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