Rotating condenser column

In the brush-type still (Fig. 1-40) the distilland is vaporized in a boiler which is equipped with a mechanical stirrer. The vapors rise inside the heated glass column and condense on the air-cooled brush, which rotates at about 450 rpm. The condensate is thrown onto the heated wall by the brush, and is partially vaporized. As this process is repeated, the more volatile material rises into the condensing section, from which it is withdrawn the less volatile components drain into the boiler. The commercially available stills have capacities of from 100 to 1,500 ml of distilland, with a distillation rate of 0.3 to 100 ml of distillate per minute. 

Rotating condenser columns, of which the column wall is heated and in which a cylindrical condenser revolves (Fig. 283) ... 

Rotating condenser column (Byron, Bowman and Coull)... 

In a process, energy losses consist of both thermal and mechanical losses. Thermal losses are typically originated from column overhead condensers, product mn down coolers, furnace stack, steam leaks, poor insulation of heat exchangers/piping and vassals and so on. Mechanical losses could also be significant, which usually occurs in rotating equipment, pressure letdown valves, control valves, pump spill back, heat exchangers, pipelines, and so on. Some of the thermal and mechanical losses are recoverable with a decent payback of investment but many others do not. 

The second approach uses a cryo-trapping interface where the column eluent is continuously deposited on a moving cooled plate. The condensed sample spots on the plate are brought under the IR beam for analysis in rotation. This method can be more sensitive than the lightpipe as it allows repeated samples to be collected, hence improving the signal-to-noise ratio. 

Once the spinning band has been tested and rotates freely, place 1.0 mL of 2-methylpentane and 1.0 mL of cyclohexane in the vial (to be delivered with a Pasteur pipet or an automatic delivery pipet). Reassemble the system and lower the column into the sand bath or copper-tube block. The beveled edge on the air condenser should be rotated 180° from the collection arm. 

A first version of OLGA (I) was developed and built by Gaggeler et al. for the search of volatile superheavy elements, and tested with 25-s Po [129]. Volatile elements were separated in a stream of He and H2 gas at 1000 °C from nonvolatile actinides and other elements. At the exit of the column, the separated nuclei were condensed on thin metal foils mounted on a rotating wheel Rotating wheel Multidetector Apparatus (ROMA) [145, 146] and periodically moved in front of solid-state detectors, where a particles and SF events were registered in an event-by-event mode. A first attempt to identify the nuclide after chemical iso-... 

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