Collapse of gel

The swelling behavior of hydrogels in solutions of multivalent ions capable to associate with the network-fixed charges, e.g., Cu2+, substantially differs from that described above, viz. the collapse of gels takes place [107]. As a result of this... 

Tanaka, T Nishio, 1 Sun, S-T Uneo-Nishio, S, Collapse of Gels in an Elechic Field, Science 218, 467, 1982. 

T Tanaka. Collapse of gels and the critical endpoint. Phys Rev Lett 40 820-823, 1978. 

T Tanaka, I Nishio, ST Sun, S Ueno-Nishio. Collapse of gels in an electric field. Science 218 467-474, 1982. 

Silberberg-Bouhnik M, Ramon O, Ladyzhinski I, Mizrahi S (1995) Osmotic deswelling of weakly charged poly(acrylic acid) solutions and gels. J Polym Sci Polym Phys 33 2269-2279 Tanaka T (1978) Collapse of gels and the critical end point. Phys Rev Lett 40 820-823 Tanaka T (1981) Gels. Sci Am 244 110-123... 

Suzuki H, Tokuda T, Kobajashi K (2002) A disposable intelligent mosquito with a reversible sampling mechanism using the volume-phase transition of a gel. Sens Actual B 83 53-59 Tanaka T (1978) Collapse of gels and critical endpoint. Phys Rev Lett 40 820-823 Tanaka T, Fillmore DJ (1979) Kinetics of swelling of gels. J Chem Phys 70 1214—1218 Tanaka T, Nishio I, Sun ST, Ueno-Nishio S (1982) Collapse of gels in an electric field. Science 218 467-469... 

Figure 35 combines the temperature-dependent and acetone-content-de-pendent behaviour of amphoteric gel APTAC-SA [155]. Equimolar polyampholyte gel undergoes a gradual volume change w ith an increase in acetone composition in an acetone/water mixture. When the content of the cationic groups increases, collapse of gel is observed. On the other hand, the same sample immersed in acetone/water mixtures of 60 and 65% acetone swells in a low... 

The behavior of pure CPVCL was also studied in chloroform-ethanol, chloroform-dioxane, chloroform-DMSO mixtures (Figure 8). In these mixtures the swollen gel only contracts while the volume-phase transition or the collapse of gel occurs in water-DMSO mixture (Figure 7, curve 2). This difference is obviously connected with hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance in these systems. 

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