Shell 244 coked

Table VII. Surface Areas and Pore-Size Distribution of Coked Shell 244 Catalyst...

Figure 4. Fore size vs. pore volume for coked Shell 244 (Co-Mo on...

Impingement attack due to high local water velocities, e.g. at partial obstructions in a tube such as pieces of coke, shell hsh, etc. 

In carbon adsorption, contaminants are physically attracted or adsorbed on the surface of the carbon. Adsorption capacities are high for carbon because its porous nature provides a large surface area relative to its volume. Activated carbon is prepared from lignite, bituminous coal, coke, wood, or other organic materials such as coconut shells. 

Metallurgical coke gives rise to ferrosiHcon, which in the Hquid phase is more dense than calcium carbide and tends to setde and penetrate the bottom of the furnace. After a lengthy operating period it may extend 30 cm or more below the taphole, eventually reaching the furnace shell where it causes hot spots requiring repair and replacement of the furnace refractory. 

Structural carbon shapes fabricated by heating coke with a mixture of tar and pitches are porous and are made impermeable by impregnation with a resin (usually a phenolic resin). Cashew nut shell liquid resin is used when resistance to alkalis and acids is required. 

Coking stoker 1-4.5 300-900 Rank washed or untreated smalls and singles 1.4 250-350mm 5 1 Manual drop tube in boiler or drag link Shell boilers... 

The two limiting cases for the distribution of deactivated catalyst sites are representative of some of the situations that can be encountered in industrial practice. The formation of coke deposits on some relatively inactive cracking catalysts would be expected to occur uniformly throughout the catalyst pore structure. In other situations the coke may deposit as a peripheral shell that thickens with time on-stream. Poisoning by trace constituents of the feed stream often falls in the pore-mouth category. 

Shell s microbiological desulfurization process is carried out by mixing coal with an aqueous biocatalyst solution [158], The coal considered in this invention concerns bituminous coal containing inorganic sulfur (pyritic).This process seems to be applicable to refinery pet-coke, which contains sulfur in the form of inorganic sulfides. Nowadays, when coke has become one of the major products of heavy oil and bitumens refining, such desulfurization processes might have potential uses. 

Developed and jointly licensed by Shell Oil Company and Dow Chemical Company. Introduced in 1987 by 1996, more than 20 units were operating and 10 were in design or under construction. The first application in coke making, in a plant near Pittsburgh, PA, was announced in 1996. 

See also Activated charcoal Activated coke Carbon entries adsorption isotherm for hydrocarbons on coconut-shell, 2 635t chemical properties of, 4 741-743 economic aspects, 4 748 environmental concerns, 4 750 forms of, 4 747... 

A differential pressure sensor monitors the pressure drop across the reactor, giving also an indication of the coke formation. The outside shell of the reactor is thermally insulated to limit heat loss. 

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