Cluff-Gladding method

In the last decades of evaluation of the physical network density of SPU was done on samples swollen to equilibrium in two solvents. Swelling of SPU in toluene practically does not affect hard domains. Swelling of SPU (based on oligoethers diol) in a tributyl phosphate (a strong acceptor of protons) results in full destruction of the physical network with hard domains. The effective network density was evaluated for samples swollen to equilibrium in toluene according to the Cluff-Gladding method. Samples were swollen to equilibrium in TBP and the density of the physical network was determined from equar tion ... 

Swollen tension methods using various sample-gripping techniques have been attempted, but none has been completely satisfactory. Compression methods, on the other hand, avoid the gripping problems, although it is difficult to attain parallel swollen sample faces, and errors occur in determining strain. Cluff, Gladding, and Pariser (19) have described compression techniques for swollen vulcanizates, and these methods have been used to characterize propellant crosslink density (48). Equation 20 was used... 

---