CLIMAP

CLIMAP Project members (1976). The surface of the ice age Earth. Science 191,1131-1137. 

Libby, L. M., Pandolfi, L. J., Calibration of Two Isotope Thermometers in a European Oak Using Official Weather Records, Proceedings of International CLIMAP Conference, Norwich, England, 1973, 21-39. 

The new understanding of global climate change that emerged from the CLIMAP studies of deep-sea sediment cores Is described In J. Imbrle and K. P. Imbrle, Ice Ages (Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press, 1986). 

CLIMAP (1981) Seasonal Reconstructions of the Earth s Surface at the Last Glacial Maximum. Geol. Soc. Am. 

CLIMAP. (1981) Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth s surface at the last glacial maximum. In The Geological Society of America Map and Chart Series MC-36. 

The organic biomarker proxy for past sea surface temperatures ( U37 ) came to paleoceano-graphy from an unexpected direction. Nearly aU paleoceanographic tools rely on some aspect of the fossilized hard parts of marine organisms. Thus, assemblages of calcareous microplankton such as foraminifera and coccoliths, or of siliceous plankton such as radiolaria and diatoms, provided the basis for the CLIMAP reconstruction of the Ice Age ocean (CLIMAP, 1976, 1981). Additionally, a host of chemical methods relies on the same hard parts to furnish isotopic and trace element... 

CLIMAP (1976, CLIMAP, 1981) produced its reconstruction of temperatures at the LGM by using the modern-day ecological preferences of... 

CLIMAP (see Bard et al., 1997 Sonzogni et al., 1998 Pelejero et al., 1999 Lee et al., 2001). It is not clear if the differences are larger than overlap of the standard error of the techniques. In most cases, the alkenone method has a clear advantage in signal-noise for resolving smaller temperature changes (see, e.g., Lee et al., 2001). 

CLIMAP Project Members (1984) The last interglacial ocean. Quatem Res 21(2) 123-224... 

Fig. 1. The CLIMAP reconstruction of Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) August sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for the global ocean based on planktonic foraminiferal assemblage data. Modified after CLIMAP (1984 http // iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu).

Craig H, Wiens RC (1996) Gravitational enrichment of " Krr Ar ratios in polar ice caps a measure of fim thickness and accumulation temperature. Science 271 1708-1710 Crovetto R, Femandez-Prini R, Japas ML (1982) Solubilities of inert gases and methane in H2O and in D2O in the temperature range of 300 to 600 K. J Chem Phys 76 1077-1086 Crowley TJ (2000) CLIMAP SSTs re-revisited. ClimDyn 16 241-255... 

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