Classification of Braids

Braids can be distinguished into two- and three-dimensional structures (Fig. 7.2). Lace and circular braids belong to the first class. Although circular braids are three-dimensional (3-D), their yarn architecture is two-dimensional (2-D), whereas true three-dimensional braids always have three-dimensional yarn architecture. The latter are also called integral textiles because yarns run across the entire cross section of the braid. 

Apart from the inner structure, braids can also be classified into biaxial and triax-ial structures (Fig. 7.3). A biaxial braid only consists of the two braiding yarn systems of which the braid is made. Triaxial braids have in addition an axial thread (0° or stationary thread) integrated in the production direction in any place within the braid. 

Depending on the crossing of the braiding yarns, a wide range of different patterns can be produced, as shown in Fig. 7.5. In the axial direction, reinforcing yarns can be used (right). 

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