Circumferential wrappings

Corrosion concerns on cable-supported structures have been present from the early design. For example, galvanized zinc coating of the wires was used on the Brooklyn Bridge, which was completed in 1883. At that time, it was a standard practice to coat the wire with linseed oil, circumferentially wrap the assembled cable with soft galvanized wire laid into red lead paste, and to paint the finished cable. 

Another alternative would be to select a special fabric whose weave is 2 to 1, wrap to fill, and circumferentially wrap the cylindrical sections to the proper thickness, thus getting the required hoop and axial strengths with no extra, unnecessary strength in the axial (longitudinal) direction, as would inevitably be the case with a homogeneous metal tank. 

Circumferential wrapped Grade 300 plus composite 10mm thick 40 mm thick flanges... 

Martin, A.L., Davies, M.C., Rackstraw, B.J., Roberts, C.J., Stolnik, S., Tendler, S.J. and Williams, P.M. (2000) Observation of DNA-polymer condensate formation in real tune at a molecular level. FEBS Lett., 480, 106-112. Marx, K.A. and Ruben, G.C. (1983) Evidence for hydrated spermidine-calf thymus DNA toruses organized by circumferential DNA wrapping. Nucleic Acids Res., 11,1839-1854. 

Marx, K.A. and Reynolds, T.C. (1982) Spermidine-condensed phi XT74 DNA cleavage by micrococcal nuclease toms cleavage model and evidence for unidirectional circumferential DNA wrapping. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 79, 6484-6488. 

The primary classes of FW are hoop, polar, and helical. The simplest is hoop or circumferential winding, in which fibers are wound approximately normal to the mandrel axis of rotation with the fiber payout head advancing one band width for each revolution of the spindle. Hoop winding is usually combined with helical winding in more complex parts. Polar or tumble machines are used for parts wound using a planar winding path (such as for a short closed-end pressure vessel). These machines normally have the mandrel mounted vertically, over which a rotating arm wraps fiber onto the mandrel. 

Pattern Different patterns are used to meet different performance requirements. Names of patterns include hoop or circumferential, helix narrow or wide ribbon, helix low angle, zero or longitudinal, polar wrap, simple or true spherical, and ovaloid. 

Three types of construction will be investigated, as shown in the three parts of Figure 6-47. All three employ the balanced fabric having the characteristics shown in Figure 6-45. In (1) the fabric is simply wrapped in layers a and b with the L and T directions laid in the circumferential and axial directions. In (2) the layers are laid at 45° to the axis of the cylinder, and in (3) they are laid at alternate 30° angles in left-hand and right-hand spirals as shown. In each instance ta = h = 0.10 in. 

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