Chromium uptake

Zaroogian, G.E. and M. Johnson. 1983. Chromium uptake and loss in the bivalves Crassostrea virginica and Mytilus edulis. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 12 167-173. 

Presumably, for DNA damage to occur, chromium must enter the cell. The second set of results (excerpt 4D) addresses this issue. The authors look for chromium uptake inside E. coli cells using a technique known as flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). These results build on the authors first set of results, providing additional evidence that chromium oxalate is somehow different than the other chromium compounds studied. 

The effect of glutathione-depleting agents on the amounts of cellular chromium(in) and chromium(V) was determined in Chinese hamster V-79 cells treated with sodium chromate (Sugiyama and Tsuzuki 1994). Buthionine sulfoximine at 25 pM reduced glutatione levels to about 1% of control values, and increased chromium(V) levels by about 67%. The total chromium uptake was decreased by about 20%, and chromium(III) levels were decreased by 20%. Diethylmaleate (1 mM) decreased glutathione levels less than 1%, decreased chromium(V) levels by 27%, and chromium(in) levels by 31%. However, the... 

Shah, B. A., A. V. Shah, and R. R. Singh. 2009. Sorption isotherms and kinetics of chromium uptake from wastewater using natural sorbent material. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 6 77-90. 

Pandey, S. Mishra S. B., (2011). Organic-inorganic hybrid of chitosan/ organoclay bionanocomposites for hexavalent chromium uptake. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. Vol. 361, pp. 509-520. 

Spectroscopic Evidence. In the case of M = Cr(III) infrared spectra suggest that the Cr(ni) is coordinated to the protein carboxyl groups (75) in addition. Hartley s data show that sulfur is not coordinated. The esterification of the carboxylic acid group reduces chromium uptake, but blocking amines by dinitrophenylation does not inhibit this process (14). 

Sundarapandiyan S, Bmtto PE, Siddhartha G, Ramesh R, Ramanaiah B, Saravanan P, Mandala AB (2011) Enhancement of chromium uptake in tanning using oxazolidine. J Hazard Mater 190 802—809. doi 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.117... 

Little is known about the importance of bone as a reservoir and continuing source of internal exposure to chromium. The mechanism(s) by which chromium is incorporated into bone, and the dependence of bone chromium uptake on age and physiologic status, are important features of any complete model of chromium kinetics. 

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