Chromium nitrate

The chromium oxides were prepared according to the following procedure [6-8]. Chromium oxide resulted from the dehydration of chromium hydroxide obtained by the addition of an ammonia solution (5M) to a solution of chromium nitrate (0.5M) The final pH was equal to 7.5 and the hydroxide formed was kept constantly stired and heated at 80°C for 1 h so as to obtain complete precipitation. This solid was filtered and washed three times with hot distilled water and dried for 16 h in an oven at 90°C. It was then submitted to a dynamic thermal treatment under nitrogen at 380°C for 8 h. The chromium oxide formed was cooled down under the same vector gas. 

Chromium nitrate [Cr(NOj)j] corrosion inhibitor, very explosive. 

In the third set of results (not included in excerpt 4D), the authors examine how Cr + affects gyrase, an enzyme that regulates the ability of supercoiled DNA to relax. Results, however, are reported only for chromium chloride, not for chromium oxalate or chromium nitrate. By omitting these latter two compounds, the authors illustrate what we call a broad-to-narrow approach. At the start of a research project, there are typically many variables however, as knowledge is gained, some of these variables can be eliminated. In this case, chromium oxalate... 

P3 When E. coli test strains were treated with chromium nitrate, the induction profile obtained was very similar to chromium chloride profile (data not shown). The promoters that were induced indicate that the action of Cr + was on DNA. However, none of the 13 stress promoters responded to chromium oxalate at any of the concentrations... 

Leonard Katzin I want to make two comments, one on this last point in relation to the point that Dr. Margerum made about substituents. Chromium (I II) in the hexahyd rated state is quite resistant to penetration of the coordination shell by nitrate ion. Yet if one takes the% violet chromium nitrate hexahydrate in solid state and treats it with liquid tributylphosphate, within a matter of minutes one gets chromium compound in solution by the mechanism of substituting tributylphosphate for water. So this reaction is fast. This initial solution is violet Within the space of an hour or two it is green. And we have had for some years now infrared evidence that this color change is accompanied by penetration of the nitrate ion into the coordination sphere (4). So this again is a matter of the substituent s changing the relationship of the water. 

The formation of rnonodisperse amorphous, spherical particles of chromium hydroxide is offered here as an example. These dispersions are readily obtained by simply heating chrome alum solutions (35). It was established experimentally that the sulfate ion was essential in order to obtain uniform dispersions thus, when chromium nitrate solutions were aged, monodispersed particles were produced only if a sulfate salt was introduced into the reaction. 

The most extensive investigation was carried out by Guiochon and L. Jacqu6 [30] and Guiochon [17, 31]. They used the same thermogravimetric method as in their former experiments, and examined the influence of chromium oxide (0.3-8%), potassium bichromate (0.1-3%), chromium nitrate (1-5%) and also pure chromium (0.033-5.5%) [30]. 

Twenty grams of chromium nitrate 9-hydrate, or 0.05 moles of the hydrated sulfate or chloride, are fused with 30g of potassium thiocyanate as in (I), and the melt allowed to cool in a desiccator and then triturated with 25ml portions of ethyl acetate until no more material dissolves. The violet liquid is filtered a small green residue remains behind together with the potassium nitrate, sulfate, or chloride. The ethyl acetate extract is evaporated to dryness on the steam bath and the violet residue is further dried in vacuo. The anhydrous salt is violet. 

The copper chromium oxide (Cu/Cr = 1) has been prepared by coprecipitation of copper and chromium nitrates with ammonium hydroxide, followed by thermal decomposition in flowing nitrogen up to the final temperature (370"C), according to a previously described method (8). The apparatus and the catalytic procedure have also been described elsewhere in case of gas phase reactions (5) and liquid phase reactions (7). 

Rats given a subcutaneous injection of potassium dichromate (chromium(VI)) and chromium nitrate (chromium(III)) excreted 36% of the chromium(VI) dose in urine and 13.9% in the feces within 7 days ... 

B. subtilis Recombinations No data (+) Nakamuro et al. 1978 Chromium nitrate... 

E. coli AB1157, GC275, VA4202, PQ30 Induction of SOS response No data " Llagostera et al. 1986 Chromium trichloride, chromium nitrate, chromium acetate... 

E. coli PQ37 Induction of SOS response - - Venier et al. 1989 Chromium trichloride, chromium nitrate... 

S. typhimurium TA102 Base pair substitutions - - Bennicelli et al. 1983 Chromium nitrate... 

Chick embryos DNA damage (crosslinks, strand breaks) No data Tsapakos et al. 1983a Chromium nitrate... 

Chinese hamster ovary cells Chromosomal aberrations No data (+) Levis and Majone 1979 Chromium trichloride hexachloride, chromium nitrate monohydrate, chromium potassium sulfate, chromium acetate... 

Synonym(s) Chrome Chrom (German) Acetic acid, chromium Chrome (French) salt, hydrate chromic acetate, hydrate Nitric acid, chromium (III) salt, nonahydrate chromium nitrate, nonahydrate Chromium trichloride... 

USA Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (11) chromium hydroxy diacetate McGean-Rohco, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (12) chromium naphthenate OM Group, Inc., Franklin, Pennsylvania (13) chromium nitrate The Hall Chemical Co., Arab, Alabama McGean-Rohco, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio The Shepard Chemical Company, Cincinnati, Ohio (14) chromium octoate Dixie Chemical Company, Inc., Bayport, Texas ... 

---